توسعه صنعت گردشگری با تاکید بر رویکرد منابع انسانی (مورد مطالعه: استان سمنان) (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
استان سمنان با قرار گرفتن در کریدورغرب به شرق و شمال به جنوب کشور از یک سو و برخوردار بودن انواع جاذبه های طبیعی، تاریخی، جغرافیایی و تنوع اقلیمی و ظرفیت های اقتصادی از سوی دیگر، مکانی مناسب برای جذب گردشگران است. اغلب تحقیقات بر بررسی تاثیرتوسعه صنعت گردشگری برمنابع انسانی متمرکز بوده اند اما در تحقیق حاضر، محققین تاثیر مدیریت منابع انسانی بر توسعه صنعت گردشگری را مورد بررسی قرار داده اند. جامعه آماری تحقیق شامل کارشناسان سازمان های مرتبط با صنعت گردشگری و مراکز اقامتی و دفاتر خدمات مسافرتی در استان سمنان بوده است که 384 نفر به عنوان نمونه با روش تصادفی انتخاب شدند. پژوهش حاضر از نظرروش، یک تحقیق توصیفی و از نوع مطالعه همبستگی می باشد. داده ها با استفاده از روش پرسشنامه محقق ساخته جمع آوری شد. همچنین، به منظور تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها از آزمون های (t-test)، تحلیل واریانس (Anova) و رگرسیون دو متغیره استفاده شده است. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که اثر مدیریت منابع انسانی برتوسعه صنعت گردشگری استان سمنان معنادار بوده است. همچنین ضریب تعیین 53/. می باشد که میزان تغییرپذیری در توسعه صنعت گردشگری با تاکید بر رویکرد منابع انسانی در استان سمنان را نشان می دهد.Tourism Development with an Emphasis on Human Resources Approach (Case Study: Semnan Province)
ExtendedIntroduction The Semnan province has a great capacity and potential in the tourism section. Investors can easily choose this province for investment because of its tourist attractions. With respect to the unique specifications in term of historic and cultural aspects, people and the social capitals in the province. The necessity for planning on human resources can easily be felt in this part. Tourism is actually a modern phenomenon and also it is an economic activity in modern world (Paply, Yazdi, Saggaee 2006, page 22). In fact, tourism is an individual and social motivation which has both positive and negative effects on the environment, economics, and culture. It is involved with social interactions in terms of producing goods and services to respond the needs and desires of the customers away from their homes. Tourism is functioning as a system with inter-related part working together as a whole to accomplish certain goals, (Kazemi, 2006, pp 33-35). Methodology The present study has on applied goal, and in terms on research designing in has a descriptive form. The population of the study includes the experts of the tourism offices of Dameghan, Garmsar, Aradan, Mahdishahr, Sorkha, and Mayami. All the travelling agencies, protection officers of the tourist attractions, museums, handicrafts, hotels, taxi service, parks, and green spaces are involved in this study. The whole people involved in these areas are 40 thousand experts working actively. The sample was 384 individuals who randomly were chosen with Cokran formula. For data analysis, the t-test and Anova test were used to analyze the variance and regret ion as 2 variables. Discussion of conclusion The main activities of the human resources management include selection, employing, instruction, and development, operational evaluation, security, composition. These resources are vitally important for the organizations. Because they cause to increase the thinking abilities and competition within the system and finally help to accomplish the organizational objectives with common values. The tourism industry is no exaction. Hence, the conclusion results show that the human resources with a 73.10 coefficient and with a determining correlation of 53 percent were effective upon the development of tourism in the Semnan. An investigation to the history of the study shows that most of the researches had survey on the impact of tourism industry on the human resources recourses development. The study of samimi and khebra in 2013shwed that the entrance of foreign tourist to another country had a positive and meaningful impact of human resources development. Amiri, 2005 had a study to indicate the role of tourism on women abilities in villages, again Kalantary and Khodaee in 2012had a study to show that for the betterment of the tourism industry we should work on more education at this section. Bavom and Serivas in 2008 had a study indicating that any immature tourism industry means that the government should take care of development of human resources. Kalantary and Khodaee in 2012 focus on more and more training of the human capitals in this regard. Prominent role of human resources in tourism development as a result of the training, recruitment and selection, performance appraisal, compensation and rewards. If properly paid attention, it can be used as a key factor with good results. Keywords: Human Resource, Tourism, Semnan Province. References Amiri, SH. (2005). A quick look at two aspects of communication and publicity of tourism, and propaganda, Bimonthly of Mosaferan , 31: 22-23. (In Persian) Baum, T. and Sivas, E. (2008). The human resources development in tourism: A role for government?, Journal of Tourism Management, 29:783-794. Caroline, W. (2009). Tourism, social, memory and the Great War, Annals of Tourism Research , 36(4): 607-626. Farhoudi, R. and Shorja, M. (2004). Tourism was estimated temple, kngavr city, Tourism Studies Quarterly , 15(7): 19-45. (In Persian) Kazemi, M. (2006). Tourism Management , Tehran: published SAMT. (In Persian) Gay, C.V. (2003). Tourism in the Holistic Perspective , the translation of the Seyed Mohammad Arabi, and Ali Parsaeia, Tehran: Cultural Research Bureau. (In Persian) Ghaffari, G.R., and Mostavli, S.A. (2013). The official – managerial system and sustaianble socio-cultural development in tourism sector of Masule, Journal of Tourism Planning and Development , 2(7): 106-125. (In Persian) Gough, S. and Scott, W. (1999). Education and training for sustainable tourism: Problems, possibilities and cautious first steps, Canadian Journal of Environmental Education , (4): 193-212. HeidariChaîne, R. and Zargham Boroujeni, H. (2008). Basics of Planning Tourism Industry , Tehran: Publication samt. (In Persian) Jafari Samimi, A. and Kebre, S. (2013). The impact of tourism on human resources development, Journal of Tourism Planning and Development , 3(10): 11-24. (In Persian) Karani, A.P., and Jonathon, D.G. (2011). Corporate social responsibility and employee recruiting in the hospitality and tourism industry, http://scholarworks.umass.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1248&context=gradconf_hospitality, (13/76/2016). Khodaee, Z., Kalantari Kalilabad, H. (2012). Development of tourism based on education, Studies of Management , 4(12): 47-59. (In Persian) Lengnick-Hall, C.A. and Lengnick-Hall, M.L. (1988). Strategic Human Resources Management: A review of the literature and a proposed typology, Academy of Management Review , 13: 454–470. Mohammadi, R. and Feazi, V. (2008). Study of conditions for tourism development by TCI, The first global scientific conference of students of geography, Tehran University, pp. 26-23. (In Persian) Papoly Yazdi, M.H. and Saghaee, M. (2006). Tourism, (Nature and Implicating) , Tehran: SAMT press. (In Persian) PoorAhmad, A., Mahdi, A., Mahdian Bahnamiri, M., Mirzayi Kutenayi, Zahra and, Mohammadi, A. (2012). Analysis of the role of Museums in the development of cultural tourism (Case study: The museums of east of Mazandaran province), Journal of Tourism Planning and Development , 1(1): 105-128. (In Persian) Robbins, S. (1999). Organizational Behavior, Concepts, Theories and Applications , translators: Ali Parsaeian, Seyed Mohammad Arabi. Tehran: Cultural Research Bureau in Tehran. (In Persian) Torrington, D., Hall, L. and Taylor, S. (2005). Human Resource Management , Harlow: Financial Times. UNWTO. (2013). World Torisem Organization, Anuual Report. World Tourist organization, (1999). Tourism Highlights 1999 WTO Publications Unit , World Tourism Organization, Madrid.
تبلیغات
