مطالب

Semantics in time (historical) is one of the lexical semantic methods in the holy texts, which by identifying the components of the word, examines the specific concept throughout history and shows its evolutions, ups and downs. The concept of Satan has changed throughout history and has a long-standing connection with the holy texts. The use of the word "devil" in Pishatohid is related to concepts such as evil, jinn, evil spirits, which are intertwined with the function of evil and filth. In the Abrahamic religions of Christianity, Judaism and Islam, Satan was recognized as a creature from the fallen divine position. The lexical application of this concept in the holy texts, with various characteristics of intelligent, experimental, benevolent, concrete and abstract dual status, indicates the interaction of the believers of these texts with heterogeneous civilizations and its metamorphosis. In the meantime, the Qur'an tells a special meaning of the devil with a systematic narrative in a special discourse. This research with a descriptive-analytical method, based on the application of action, expresses the transformation of the concept of Satan in the narration of the Torah, the Bible and the Holy Quran with a historical method (in time).

Background: The functional movement screen is developed to examine individual’s movement patterns through seven functional tasks.Aim: This study was conducted to examine the effect of core muscle fatigue on functional movement screening (FMS) scores in female athletes.Materials and Methods: The study has a pre-test-post-test design. The statistical population included female athletes (18-28 years old) in Tehran with at least two years of sports experience (3 days a week), of which 40 were selected as samples. In this study, core muscle fatigue was examined using the Plank test, before and after which the subjects performed the FMS test. After ensuring the normal distribution of the data through the Shapiro-Wilk test, the effect of core muscle fatigue on the FMS test was examined using Wilcoxon and paired t-tests, and Cohen's D measure was used to evaluate the effect size. The data were analyzed through SPSS 24 software. The significance level in all tests was P≤0.05.Results: According to the results, core muscle fatigue significantly decreased the scores of the deep squat (P=0.001), hurdle step over (P=0.002), in-line lunge (P=0.001), stability push-up (P= 0.001), and rotary stability tests (P= 0.001) but did not significantly affect the scores of the shoulder mobility (P=0.317) and active straight leg raise (SLR) tests (P=0.763). Moreover, core muscle fatigue affected the total score of the FMS test (P=0.001), with the average score decreased by 4.32 after applying the fatigue protocol.Conclusion: Core muscle fatigue significantly reduced the FMS test scores with a medium to large effect size in female athletes.

Background: In football, research on halftime recovery methods is limited. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of three different recovery postures during the half-time break on blood lactate and pH, RPE and body temperature of football players. Materials and Methods: Thirty-four male division I Tabriz football players, with an average age of 25.82±4.1 years and Vo2max of 56.30±8.61 ml/kg/min were randomly assigned to three recovery posture groups: (1) seated posture (Sit, n=11), (2) supine posture (Sup, n=11), and (3) supine posture with elevated legs (Sup Lu, n=12). Each group followed their specific recovery protocol 10 min after a simulated half-football game. Measurements were taken before (T1), immediately after (T2), and five minutes after (T3) recovery. Results: Both the Sup and Sup-Lu groups exhibited a significant decrease in blood lactate and an increase in pH from T1 to T3, but there was no significant difference between these two groups (P> 0.05). Body temperature did not show significant variation within or between the groups (P>0.05). A significant difference was observed in the mean changes of RPE from T1 to T3 between the groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: Both the Sup and Sup Lu recovery postures were found to effectively reduce the fatigue level of football players during the half-time break compared to sitting, without lowering body temperature.