درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Studying stock options is still a pristine area of research in the Iranian capital market. This is due to the lack of data as well as the complexity of valuation methodologies. In the present paper, using the Monte-Carlo simulation, we have estimated the value of stock options traded on Tehran Stock Exchange and examined whether the use of a control variate or antithetic variate augmented methods can lower the standard error of estimates. Furthermore, the estimated values of the three models under consideration, including crude Monte-Carlo, control variates augmented Monte-Carlo, and antithetic variates augmented Monte-Carlo are compared with each other and with options market prices. The results show that the standard error of the antithetic variate method is less than the crude method and control variate method. However, the control variate augmented Monte-Carlo model is more powerful than the crude Monte-Carlo and antithetic variate augmented Monte-Carlo method. Therefore, we can conclude that the control variate augmented Monte-Carlo model has a better performance in estimating the value of trading stock options and its estimated values are closer to the market prices.

For the last three decades, research on Information Technology Business Value (ITBV) has highlighted how organizations can create greater value from IT investments in different industries, including the healthcare sector. There has been some research investigating the business value of Health Information Systems (HIS). However, the current body of knowledge regarding the challenges in front of proper business value realization of these systems is limited. This study investigates the challenges of HIS business value creation using a combination of the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) and fuzzy Decision-making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL). First, this study reviews the literature to identify the main challenges in the field. The outcome of this step revealed three main categories and 22 challenges, including technological (ten challenges), organizational (eight challenges), and environmental (four challenges). Then, this study first uses FAHP to evaluate the weighting for each criterion and then adopts the fuzzy DEMATEL method to establish contextual relationships among those criteria. We find out that technological challenges are the most crucial dimension. Moreover, we observed that “infrastructure costs” has the highest priority. Under the technological dimension, “maintenance costs” and “systems compatibility” challenges are the most critical since they are in the cause area and directly influence the HIS outcomes. Under the organizational dimension, “Change in strategic objectives” is the most important challenge. Moreover, “inter-departmental coordination”, “training costs”, “proficiency”, and “users’ knowledge” are affected by each other as well as influenced by the net causes. The outcome of this study shows that to handle HIS business value creation challenges, healthcare executives should start with infrastructure costs, maintenance costs, and systems compatibility challenges.

The article focuses on the relevance of the implementation  of information and analytical support mechanisms in the activities of local state administrations. Information resources and information processes in general become the main prerequisites for the effectiveness of public administration and local governments. This requires public authorities to implement systems and structures of information and analytical support of government activities, new forms and technologies of information use, new technologies for its collection, processing and analysis, creation and interaction of information databases. Theoretical bases of functioning of information and analytical maintenance mechanisms of local  administrations activity are substantiated; practical offers concerning the improvement of processes of their formation and functioning in system of public administration are generalized and developed.