درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

The present study tries to analyze the role of emotional intelligence of service providers in the trip process (before, during, and after) with a different view of sustainable tourism (from the perspective of tourist satisfaction) and emphasis on the human spiritual needs, to pave the way for further access tourist satisfaction and implementation of sustainable tourism. This is an applied exploratory research and has been done by content analysis and system thinking (to draw a conceptual model qualitatively and validated by experts). Data was collected through in-depth interviews with experts in sustainable tourism and spirituality. Experts were recruited through purposeful snowball sampling until data saturation and theoretical saturation. based on the findings, service providers' emotional intelligence plays an important role in improving the travel process by (A) helping the tourist in choosing the right travel package (before the trip), (B) creating a sense of calm, cheerfulness, and happiness in the tourist through responding to his spiritual needs (during the trip) and (C) impact positively in the mental evaluations and future decisions of tourist (after the trip). Based on systemic thinking, the results showed that paying attention to the tourists' spiritual needs through the employees' emotional intelligence is effective in achieving more sustainable tourism, so according to research findings and the widespread role of emotional intelligence in the travel process, training of service providers in the use of emotional intelligence is recommended to activists and planners in this industry

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effective of investment inefficiency and cash holding on CEO turnover. This study applies logistic regression method estimator to investigate the relationship between examine the effective of investment inefficiency and cash holding on CEO turnover of 1,309 firm-year observations in Iran for the period of 2009-2019. According to positive relation between mentioned variables, the managers' opportunism increases investment inefficiency and cash holdings of the company because inappropriate managerial decisions lead to increased risk of wrong selection for investors. In the present study, the weaknesses caused by the ambiguity of investment efficiency in market performance-based statistical models are compensated and partially covered by quantifying the relationships and implementing models. The Results will aid policy makers to evaluate disclosure rules and firms to managing their information. The study is based on the corporate accounting and financial literature and examines CEO behavioral changes that can be applied to investors, managers, standardization committees, and legislators. Unlike other research, CEO turnover has also been addressed with regard to the origin and distribution of information. This study also considers the effect of information asymmetry and market constraints by considering the cash holding to transmit firm information