درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

The use of digital games has increased dramatically in the last two decades due to the augmentation in the number of Personal Computers (PCs) and mobile devices worldwide. Not only can digital games be played for entertainment, but also, they may have both positive and negative effects on their players. Various effects of digital games on individuals’ levels of attention span, concentration, and addiction have already been tested by numerous studies; however, their impact on incidental Second Language (L2) acquisition is still untouched by language researchers. To address this lacuna, this is a longitudinal observational study that lasted for three months to investigate the impact of digital games played by young learners for entertainment at home on their unintentional acquisition of English as an L2. The age of the participants ranged from 8 to 14 years old, and the experiment was conducted during the Covid-19 pandemic in 2021. Three main games were played by the sample; namely, Free Fire, Minecraft, and Among Us. The findings revealed that digital gaming significantly influenced the vocabulary development of the participants, and gaming was a clear asset for their L2 acquisition. It was also found that the players’ level of vocabulary retention was high; however, two drawbacks were identified in this regard, namely, the prolonged screen time and vocabulary items specifically related to a given area of a particular game. Overall, this study can be an impetus for further research into evaluating the benefits or drawbacks of using digital games for specific aspects of L2 acquisition such as the development of cognitive abilities or enhanced understanding. 

The Holy Qur'an, in verses 28 and 36 of Surah Al-Hajj, commands the eating and feeding of the meat of the Sacrifice of Hajj and determines its consumers as "self", "miserable poor", "Qane’" and "Mu'tar". Through a descriptive method, this research intends to examine the translation and clarification of these concepts by three contemporary jurists and also determine and explain the jurisprudential narrations in deciding the share of Sacrifice of Hajj in the interpretations of the Holy Qur’an and examine and evaluate the appropriateness of lexical and jurisprudential concepts, dictionaries and traditions based on the meaning of the presented words by each of the respected translators<br /><br />Also, this study, using valid narrative sources, interpretations and lexical dictionaries, has tried to explain the characteristics of the three groups of consumers of the sacrifice and the way the three shares of sacrificial meat are distributed among them. Finally, the topic has been summarized and its interpretation in the exigencies based on the Qur’anic verses has been demonstrated.