درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Sports startups are entering the knowledge-based economy, where knowledge and intangible assets are recognized as the most important factor in production as well as the most important competitive advantage. Therefore, the main purpose of this article is to examine whether market knowledge can lead to the formation of entrepreneurial opportunities and commercialization in sports startups. The statistical population of the study consisted of 100 technology-based entrepreneurs of sports startups in IRAN. The research tool for this paper was a questionnaire containing 40 questions using a 5-point Likert scale. The construct validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by factor analysis and AMOS 23 and SPSS software were used to test the hypotheses. The findings suggest a significant impact of market knowledge (T=4.58, β = 0.45, p < 0.01) and each of its dimensions, namely Identifying the right market, Awareness of supply and demand trends, and Market technology on the entrepreneurial opportunity formation in sports startups. According to the results of the research, we can state the positive impact of the market knowledge on the level of entrepreneurial opportunities of sports startups. It was concluded that market knowledge based on the commercialization of sports science research is a potential source of value creation and competitive advantage for the startups that ultimately develop such enterprises and help improve the technology-driven entrepreneurship status of these enterprises and job creation in sport scope.

Recently, significant technological changes, greater customer demand and the rise of new business models have triggered a rapid increase in electronic service (e-service) innovations. Now, innovation in the provision of e-services has become one of the priorities of managers in order to gain a competitive advantage. However, few studies so far have explored the determinant factors needed in the organization in order to innovate and implement e-services. The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive framework that integrates the multiple factors of e-service innovation. Using the qualitative meta-synthesis research method and after a systematic review of the literature and examination of 61 articles, all factors needed for innovation in e-services have been identified and classified in 4 capabilities, 9 concepts, and 30 codes. The results show that e-service innovation depends on networking, informational, operational and supporting, and strategic capabilities. These capabilities create the required platform for innovation in e-services in the organization. This study contributes to current e-service researches by offering theoretical advances related to innovation in e-services. Furthermore, the capabilities, concepts, and codes identified in this study would be useful as a comprehensive conceptual framework for developers of e-service innovation to plan and evaluate their related initiatives.