درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Purpose: Today, countries around the world have come to realize that a wide range of skills, thinking skills and basic skills are needed to prepare students for an unpredictable future. To achieve this, learners must expand their awareness of themselves as thinkers and learners, practice strategies for effective thinking, and develop the thinking skills they need throughout their lives, because thinking and thinking are at the beginning of any Production and construction in the human world. The new education is trying to provide children with the necessary curriculum preparation through the various curricula. Teaching philosophy to children is one of the ways that has been considered in recent years for thinking and reasoning. Methodology: The purpose of this study was fundamental and in terms of data collection, it was a descriptive survey and it was a qualitative research in terms of content analysis and foundation data method. All elementary school students in the city of Sari were the community of research experts who had at least one elementary school teacher. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 people using snowball sampling. Findings: The results of the content analysis and dimensional data analysis method showed that teaching philosophy included teaching how to think, teaching to ask, how to ask. Emphasis on the rightness of thought, on right thinking, on the transfer of philosophical thoughts to learners. Conclusion: Involving children in teaching philosophy has both cognitive effects and increased self-esteem, self-efficacy, social intelligence, emotional intelligence and perhaps transferable skills. It is effective in reducing anxiety, enhancing positive behaviors in the classroom, promoting positive self-concept, cultivating emotional adjustment, and reducing irrational thinking

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explain the aesthetic foundations of Khaje Nasir and Rousseau's ideas in order to develop a model of artistic education for elementary students. Methodology: Based on the stated purpose, the type of research is applied and its method is qualitative (quantitative). The study population in the qualitative section consisted of 17 experts using purposive sampling method and the target population in the quantitative section was 108 teachers of Bandar Kangan elementary school using proportional stratified random sampling method. . In order to collect the required information in the qualitative part, the deductive content analysis and structured interview were used and the researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect the required data. The questionnaire was confirmed by content and face validity and Cronbach's alpha coefficient and spss22 software were used to determine its reliability. Findings: The findings obtained from the qualitative section were extracted in two general categories based on the aesthetic ideas of Khaje Nasir al-Din Tusi and Rousseau and 15 components. Accordingly, ethics, art, divine closeness, values, consciousness, perfection, nature, moral conscience, art, naturalism, community, intellect, aesthetic education are among the aesthetic elements of Khawaja Nasir al-Din Tusi and Rousseau's aesthetic elements. Similarly, structural equation technique using pls software showed that the above mentioned components are 0.95 at the significant level of 1.96 and these factors are effective in children's artistic education. Conclusion: This study showed that artistic education of children is important and has aesthetic characteristics in the development of children which is clearly expressed in the thoughts of Khaje Nasir al-Din Tusi and Rousseau and can play an effective role in the development of humanity of children in all stages of individual life and Have their own community. The naturalistic approach of R. Usu and Khaje Nasir enables students to be more careful about the nature of individuals and to see the sophistication and sophistication of nature and to enhance artistic talent in different fields.

Introduction: This study aimed to provide a model in order to educate professional citizens through knowledge-oriented era of Iran's education system. Methodology: The statistical population of the research consisted of all female and male principals and deputies of governmental elementary schools within cities of Tehran province (N = 11382). The sample size estimated to be 362 people based on the Cochran formula. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire based on a 5-point scale. Findings: Data analysis was performed by Cronbach's alpha test, Average Extracted Variance (AVE), Square root of AVE, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Exploratory Factor Analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Friedman ranking test. Reviewing the research literature for understanding the complexity and extent of theoretical and practical domain of the research in training professional citizenship, and also reviewing the models, theories, and the study components, a global model of educating professional citizens was developed including the components of philosophy, goals, Perceptual framework, procedure of implementation, and system of evaluation and engineering. A survey was conducted through 30 experts of this field in order to determine the degree of quality of the proposed model for presenting the final model through an evaluation questionnaire including the philosophy and objectives of the model, the theoretical foundations, dimensions, components, indices, and mechanisms for educating a professional citizen in the knowledge-oriented era of Iran’s education system. In addition, this questionnaire was confirmed with a scale of 4.64 out of 5. Conclusion: Using this model, the country's education and training system can provide knowledgeable, committed, skilled, and professional citizens for society, knowledge economy and knowledge management in response to the third millennium generation.

urpose: The aim of this study was to model the positive development of adolescence based on self-regulation, social competence and parental bond with the mediating role of perception of school atmosphere. Methodology: The research method was correlation based on structural equations. The statistical population included all female high school students in Tehran who were studying in 2019-20. Using cluster random sampling method, 400 students were selected as the research sample. To collect data from the Geldhof Adolescent Positive Development Questionnaire (2014), the Self-Regulatory Questionnaire Moilanen (2007), the Felner Social Competence Questionnaire (1990), the Parker Parental Bonding Questionnaire (1979), and the Trickett & Moos Atmosphere Perception Questionnaire (1973) was used. Data analysis was performed using structural equation method using lisrel and SPSS software. Findings: The results showed that the research has a good fit and the positive development of adolescence can be predicted based on the variables of self-regulation, social competence and parental bond with the mediating role of perception of school atmosphere and the research hypotheses were confirmed. Overall, the results show that to predict the positive development of adolescence, we can emphasize self-regulation, social competence and parental bond with the mediating role of perception of school atmosphere and the obtained model can be used in teaching positive adolescent development. Conclusion: The development of self-regulatory variables, social competence and parental bonding is the best way to prevent problems related to the development of adolescent behavior and promoting these components and their education and improvement can be very effective in forming a positive adolescent development.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of cognitive behavior couple therapy (CBCT) and the approach of Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on psychological well-being, marriage intimacy and quality of life of chaotic couples. Method: In order to achieve this goal, the quasi-experimental design including pre-test and post-test with control group as the main method was used. Findings: The population of this study included 14 couples who referred to counselling centers in Tehran in 1394 due to chaotic problems in their marriage relationships. The purposive sampling was also used in this study. The instruments of this study included marital adjustment test, psychological well-being questionnaire by Reef, intimacy scale by Walker and Thompson (1983) and quality of life. Conclusion: The results showed that cognitive-behavioral couple therapy has been effective (p<0.000psychological well-being, marital intimacy, and couples quality of life.