درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Most studies within the area of genre analysis, particularly those conducted in Iran, have exclusively used text analysis. While such investigations have led to important understandings of generic features of texts, it can be argued that incorporating interview data for triangulation can lead to better understanding of generic features of texts. Along this line, this paper reports the results of a qualitative study of Persian RA abstracts written by native speakers of Persian. Taking a macro and a micro structure framework, this article will look into the ‘moves’ and ‘author identity’ in such RA abstracts. Two patterns are often associated with English academic prose: Introduction-Methods-Results-Discussion and CARS (Create-a-research-space) (Lores, 2004). This, however, did not seem to be the case in most RA abstracts under study. The other feature of Persian RA abstracts to be explored is the absence of first person pronoun. One preliminary hypothesis would be to attribute this to a carry-over of positivistic traditions (Hyland, 2001), though qualitative interviews pointed to a close link between lack of reference to self and modesty as a cultural norm among the participants under study.

The aim of the present paper is to study the status of the short vowels /i/ and /u/ in five selected Iranian Balochi dialects. These dialects are spoken in Sistan (SI), Saravan (SA), Khash (KH), Iranshahr (IR), and Chabahar (CH) regions located in province Sistan va Baluchestan in the southeast of Iran. This study investigates whether these two vowels have the same qualities as the short /i/ and /u/ do in the Common Balochi inventory (i, iː, u, uː, a, aː, eː, oː). The Common Balochi inventory is the vowel system represented generally for Balochi language, which is a North-Western Iranian language, a sub-branch of the Indo-Iranian family. The data for this survey are gathered from villages, rural areas, and cities in these regions in the forms of free speech and verbal elicitation from more than 20 literate and non-literate male and female language consultants, 2 males and 2 females for each dialect. The investigation reveals that the short /i/ and /u/ show strong tendencies towards a lower position. This study suggests phonemic systems in which the short /i/ is modified to short /e/ in all dialects, but /u/ is modified to /o/ only in SI, SA, and CH; the lowering of the short /u/ to short /o/ in KH and IR may still be in the transition stage. It is possible that Persian, as the dominant language has had its influence on these dialects causing a lowering tendency in the two vowels under study.

هدف تحقیق پیش رو، یافتن تأثیر احتمالی عنوان جانبدارانه بر سطح نگارش زبان­آموزان درونگرا و برونگرای ایرانی زبان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجی در سطوح مبتدی/پیشرفته نگارش است. یکصد نفر از میان 150 زبان­آموز بر اساس نوع شخصیت (درونگرا/برونگرا) و سطح نگارش(مبتدی/پیشرفته) در قالب چهار گروه در این تحقیق شرکت داشتند که از آن­ها خواسته شد درباره سه موضوع (غیر جانبدارانه، جانبدارانه به سمت درونگرایی و جانبدارانه به سمت برونگرایی) مقاله بنویسند و همچنین به سوالات پرسشنامه ی شخصیتی آیزنک- ویژهبزرگسال (آیزنک و آیزنک، 1975) پاسخ دهند. مقالات آن­ها توسط دو نفر و بر اساس معیار نمره­دهی بایلی و براون (1984) تصحیح گردید. داده­های گردآمده با استفاده از واریانس دو طرفه مورد تحلیل قرار گرفتند. نتایج حاکی از وجود تفاوت معنادار، با الگوهای متنوع، میان عملکرد گروه­های شرکت­کننده بود که غیر از یک مورد، موید توانایی برتر افراد درونگرا در موضوعات غیرجانبدارانه، جانبدارانه به سمت درونگرایی و جانبدارانه به سمت برونگرایی بود.

This study was an attempt to determine the effect of task-based approach vs. traditional approach on the narrative and expository writing of the Iranian EFL learners. There were two control groups as well as two experimental ones in the current study. In the two control groups namely G1 and G2 narrative and expository writing were taught respectively using the traditional approach. Whereas، in the two experimental groups، namely G3 and G4 narrative and expository writing were taught respectively on the basis of task-based approach. After the treatment، a narrative writing post-test was given to the two narrative groups (G1 and G3) and an expository writing post-test was given to the two expository groups (G2 and G4). Data analysis showed that experimental groups outperformed control groups. So it was concluded that task-based approach was more effective in teaching narrative and expository writing compared to the traditional approach. It was also found that although there was a difference between the narrative and expository experimental groups (G3 and G4) in favor of the narrative group، this difference was not statistically significant

هدف از انجام این مطالعه پیداکردن عواملیست که زبان آموزان دبیرستانی موفقیتهاوشکستهای خودرابه آن نسبت می دهند. بدین منظور، 708 دانش آموزان دبیرستانی ازاقشار مختلف اجتماعی-اقتصادی وجنسیت مختلف انتخاب شدند. شرکت کنندگان به پرسشنامه اسنادی پاسخ دادند. پرسشنامه شامل چهاربخش است: احساسات ،تصویرازخود، انگیزه درونی،وسیاست زبان.آزمون ANOVA و Post-hoc به منظورتجزیه وتحلیل داده ها استفاده شد.نتایج حاصل ازتجزیه وتحلیل نشان داد که انگیزه درونی اسناد اصلی است وجنسیت هیچ نقشی دراسناد بازی نمی کند. علاوه براین،تفاوتهای قابل توجهی درمیان طبقات مختلف اجتماعی مشاهده شد. دانش آموزان طبقات بالای جامعه ،دراحساسات وتصویرازخود بالاترین نمره را کسب کردند؛ودانش آموزان ازمناطق روستایی درانگیزه درونی وسیاست زبان نمره بالاتری بدست آوردند. درنهایت، نتایج به دست آمده درزمینه یادگیری وآموزش زبان مورد بحث قرارگرفت وپیشنهاداتی ارایه شد.