درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Introduction: Social responsibility is defined as the voluntary efforts to eliminate or minimize the negative effects of business activities on stakeholders that are done by the organizations. The aim of this article is to present a model of Islamic social responsibility with an emphasis on good governance, with an interpretative structural modeling approach in the Ministry of Communications and Information Technology. Methodology: In this study, fuzzy screening technique and interpretive structural modeling (ISM), were used to identify the criteria and the relationship between the criteria. After studying the relevant literature review and interviewing with the managers of the Ministry of Communications and Information Technology. Findings: After analyzing the data, the variables were classified into eight different levels and were plotted according to the relations of the ISM graph. After analyzing, the variables were categorized into three groups: independent or key variables, communication variables and the dependent variables and no variables were included in the group of autonomous variables. Social responsibility in Islamic style was studied in five economic, social-political, ethical, legal, and altruism dimensions, and aspects of good governance from the scientific point of view under the five dimensions of participation, accountability, justice and equality, rule of law, and efficiency and effectiveness of the government. Conclusion: According to the results, the components of financial responsibility and economic security, attention to the benefit of society, citizens' participation, social accountability, law enforcement, equal rights, rule of law, respect for norms and values, and beliefs have high dependence and conductivity power. In the other words, the impact of these criteria is very high, and any small change on these variables causes the fundamental changes in the system.

Abstract Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the Comparison of Personality characteristics and Clinical syndrome owners Pets keeper and People without Pets. Methodology: The research method was causal-comparative. The statistical population included all pets and non-domestic animals resident in the 20th district of Tehran in 2018. The sample consisted of 160 individuals with pets (80) and non-pets (80) who were selected based on available sampling. Measurement tool was McCrae and Costa's Personality characteristics questionnaire (1992) and clinical checklist Drogates and colleagues (1973). Data analysis was carried out through questionnaire implementation through spss22 software in two descriptive and inferential sections (Multivariable Analyze of Variance). Findings: The results showed that the difference between the two groups was significant in all personality traits, except for neuroticism. According to the comparison of the averages, it is evident that pet owners and owners have extraversion, less openness to experience, duty, and acceptability than non-pet animals. Also, the results of multivariate analysis of clinical syndrome showed that the difference between the two groups in all clinical syndromes was significant except for obsessive-compulsive disorder. Conclusion: Regarding the comparison of the averages, it was found that pets owning and having pets have higher levels of physical complaints, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, aggression, paranoid thoughts, and psychosis.

Purpose: In the age of Communication, all aspect of education, especially sexual education, will be changed. Threats will be revealed, by inappropriate use of concepts related to sexual education. Therefore, the goal of this research was to explore the main elements of student sexual education in the age of Communication to design a model based on grounded theory. Methods: This study has a qualitative approach and grounded theory has been used as a research method. For gathering data, high level documents have been studied and interviewed 25 experts who were aware of the subject. The participants were selected through purposeful sampling method and the data were analyzed simultaneously by continuously comparisons based on Corbin and Strauss method. Results: The findings of study formed the basis of a conceptual model including the following components: Casual Condition (necessity: Awareness, directing, lack of appropriate program), phenomenon(opportunities and threats of sexual education in Communication), context conditions(Time, place and method of sexual education), intervening conditions(social-cultural structures including incorrect beliefs, parents' attitudes, family structure), strategies(Principles and Indicators of Sexual Education in the Viewpoint of Islam)and consequences(development all aspects of intercultural education at individual, national levels). Conclusions: Basis of a conceptual model, necessity, education and social-cultural structures effected phenomenon (opportunities and threats of sexual education in Communication) in Iranian society. And strategies include of Principles and Indicators of Damage and Health of Sexual Education in the Viewpoint of Islam had to lead to development all aspects of intercultural education at individual, national levels.

Purpose: The aim of this research was to determine the effectiveness of multidimensional spiritual education on happiness and responsibility of male Students. Methodology: The present study was semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The research population was eighth grade Male Students of Imam رضا school of Mashhad city in 2017-18 academic years. Totally 40 students were selected by a purposive sampling method and randomly assigned into two equal groups (each group 20 students). The experimental group received 10 sessions of 80-minute multidimensional spiritual education and the control group didn't receive training. The research tools were Oxford happiness questionnaire and responsibility subscale of California psychological inventory. Data were analyzed by independent t-test and multivariate analysis of covariance methods in SPSS version-21 software. Findings: The findings showed that in the pre-test there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of happiness and responsibility (P>0.05), but in the post-test, there was a significant difference between them (P<0.05). Then, multidimensional spiritual education led to increasing happiness (F=11.79, P<0.001) and responsibility (F=5.36, P<0.025) in male Students. Conclusion: The results indicate the effectiveness of multidimensional spiritual education on happiness and responsibility. Therefore, it is recommended that counselors and therapists use a multidimensional spiritual education method along with other educational methods to improve psychological characteristics, especially promotion happiness and responsibility.

Purpose: The purpose of the research was to identify the status of the influential components of citizenship education in the direction of cultural and social development of citizens. Methodology: Mixed inferential method (qualitative - quantitative) was considered. Statistical population included all key informants, experts and managers of urban management and quantitative part of all youth between 18-25 years in Tehran. To select the samples in the qualitative part, snowball or chain sampling method was used to identify and select key informants and in the quantitative part, stratified random sampling method was used. Citizenship education and its role in the socio-cultural development of citizens was used and its validity and reliability were confirmed. Data were analyzed by SPSS software using descriptive and inferential statistical methods. Findings: The findings of factor analysis showed that attention to strengthening of legalism, attention to strengthening the spirit of participation, attention to strengthening sense of responsibility, attention to strengthening self-confidence, attention to strengthening communication skills, attention to strengthening civil awareness. And Conclusion: focusing on strengthening the problem-solving skills of naming is one of the influential factors in citizenship education for the cultural and social development of citizens. It's desirable.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of problem solving on preschool children 's maladaptive behavior. Methodology: The method of this study was practical and quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest design with control group. The statistical population of this study was preschool children of Kermanshah kindergartens. Twenty-four of these eligible volunteer children were selected using available sampling method and were assigned to experimental and control groups. Gresham & Elliott (1990) Social Skills Rating Scale was used to collect the data. Pre-test was administered to both groups, then the experimental group received 16 sessions of problem-solving skills training Intervention sessions were held 3 times a week with the presence of a trainer and an assistant for 45 minutes. The control group did not receive targeted intervention. Then, post-test was performed on both groups. After four months, follow-up tests were performed for both groups to evaluate the reliability of the results over time. Data analysis was performed using multivariate analysis of covariance at the significant level 0.05 and Spss24 software. Findings: The results showed that there was a significant difference between preschool children in maladaptive behavior (internal and external behavior) (P<0/01). Conclusion: Maladaptive behavior in preschool age is a normal behavior and a developmental characteristic that many parents consider this behavioral model to be age-appropriate and thus does not form a cycle of maladaptive behaviors in parents and children

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of integrated parenting based on Acceptance and Commitment (ACT) and Compassionate Focus (CFT) approach enriched with Islamic teachings on the self-esteem and compassion of their first parents. Methodology: The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest with control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all mothers of first elementary school children in Isfahan city. Then, 30 of them were selected by available sampling method and were divided into two groups of control and experimental, each group of 15. The research tool was a checklist for measuring self-esteem in preschool children and the Compassion Self-Esteem Scale. For the experimental group, the training was held in 10 sessions of 120 minutes. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of covariance. Findings: Findings showed that integrated parenting based on acceptance, commitment and compassion-based approach enriched with Islamic teachings increased child self-esteem and compassion for parents (p <0.05). Conclusion: The conclusion of the study is that increasing self-esteem in children is related to parenting style. Therefore, with this combined parenting education, mothers have been able to improve their self-esteem and compassion and improve their child's self-esteem.

Purpose: The present study was conducted with the aim of "providing a model for creating happiness and vitality in high schools". Methodology: The present study was a descriptive (qualitative and quantitative) method in terms of practical purpose, field method and data collection method in terms of practical purpose. The statistical population of this study was 30 experts in the field of happiness, 30,000 high school students, 4800 high school teachers in Alborz, about 80 high school girls and finally high school experts in the general administration. The education department has about 55 members. Based on the principle of saturation in the interview, a sample number of comments from 21 experts was recorded. Based on the Cochran's formula, 380 high school students, 355 high school teachers, 67 high school principals, and 48 school principals were appointed. Data collection method was used in the qualitative part of the field method for semi-structured interview and in a small part of the researcher-made questionnaire. The formal validity and content of the questionnaire were performed by experts, supervisors and advisors, and its reliability was obtained by Cronbach's alpha. The total questionnaire was 0.98, which was distributed and summarized. The influential components were extracted and based on it, the proposed research model consisted of four main sections including the philosophy and objectives of the model, theoretical foundations, conceptual framework and executive steps. Findings: According to the results obtained from the perspective of the participants in the research, 5 factors of physical space (physical), educational activities (cultural-artistic), educational activities, comprehensive characteristics, and the financial situation of the school in the form of 10 components, physical space, component of exciting situations, holding extracurricular workshops, job skills and individual characteristics of school staff, quality of educational content, scientific-research activities, ethical-social, characteristics Emotional-psychological, family, and school financial status have contributed to the creation of happiness and vitality in high schools and educational settings. Conclusion: Student happiness as an important part of teaching if students need education and emotional needs can lead to academic achievement and better student performance.

Purpose: The present study aimed to develop a model of psychological well-being based on social capital with the mediation of emotional intelligence in education staff. Methodology: The research method was descriptive and descriptive-correlational and the method of modeling structural equations. The statistical population of the study was all education staff in Tehran in 1997-98. To determine the sample size, the principles of sample size determination were used in multivariate regression analysis in structural equation modeling, in which 610 people were selected by stratified sampling method. The Ryff and Keys Psychological Welfare Questionnaire (1989), the Putnam Social Capital Scale (2000) and the Schutte & Et al Intellectual Intelligence Questionnaire (1988) were used to measure and evaluate the status of employees. Structural equation modeling and Amos software were used to analyze the data. Findings: The results of data analysis showed that the model of predicting psychological well-being based on social capital had a favorable fit considering the mediating role of emotional intelligence based on experimental data. Conclusion: In order to promote the mental health of vital assets of a society, it is very important to pay attention to the psychological well-being of education staff and the factors affecting it.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of KWL educational strategy and conceptual mapping strategy on students' critical thinking. Methodology: This research was based on a quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test with two experimental groups and one control group. The statistical population consisted of all male students of the third grade high school of Miandoab in 2016-17. Three classes were selected through multistage cluster sampling. Two classes were randomly selected as experimental group and one class as control group. One of the experimental groups was taught in KWL and the other in a conceptual map. The control group was also trained in a conventional way. The pre-test and post-test data were used to collect data from the California Formation B Questionnaire. Findings: To analyze the data was used one-variable covariance analysis. The findings of the study showed that education through the Kwl strategy and conceptual mapping strategy is effective on critical thinking students (P <0.001). It was also determined that the effectiveness of KWL strategy on students' critical thinking was more than conceptual mapping strategy (p <0.001). Conclusion: Based on this study, both cognitive strategies and metacognitive strategies reinforce students' thinking. However, due to the findings of this research and related studies, it is better to use metacognitive strategies along with cognitive strategies because using metacognitive strategies, students monitor their learning process and become more aware of complex issues and points and they get more aware. Based on these findings and previous research, it is recommended that modern educational methods such as KWL and concept maps be used in teaching

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a structural model of psychological well-being based on fear of negative evaluation mediating feelings of loneliness in adolescent girls with psychosocial problems. Methodology: The present study was applied in terms of purpose and in terms of quantitative method and survey-correlation method. The statistical population consisted of female adolescent students with mental health problems who were studying in the second grade of secondary education in Mashhad Nursing School District 2 in the academic year of 2017-18. The method was multistage cluster sampling, so that a list of all secondary schools for girls in the second district of Mashhad was composed of 24 schools that were classified as 4 schools per cluster with respect to government and nonprofit and number of students. One cluster was randomly selected and at the second stage of each school and at each grade level, a total of 3 classes from each school were selected and the students were given questionnaires. The tools of the present study were Psychosocial Well-being Scales (Ryff, 1980), Fear of Negative Evaluation (Leary, 1983), and Dehshiri et al., 2008), Psychosomatic Complaints (Takata & Sakata, 2004). In the present study, SPSS software version 24 and SmartPLS2 software were used. Findings: The results showed that fear of negative evaluation with sense of loneliness had a positive relationship with psychological well-being and negative relationship with fear of negative evaluation with psychological well-being, according to GOF value of 0.595 indicating strong fit of model. It had a lot of research; it had some mediating effect. Conclusion: In order to improve the psychological well-being of adolescent female students, the present study demonstrates the importance of self-expression planning and training and communication skills to reduce feelings of loneliness and screening of students with negative evaluation to provide appropriate psychological treatment for this group of adolescents. Reminds students of education.