تغییرات زندگی دختران نوجوان پس از فوت مادر:یک مطالعه پدیدارشناختی (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
هدف: سوگ مادر در در دوران نوجوانی، اثرات گسترده ای بر نوجوان می گذارد. با توجه به اهمیت موضوع؛ پژوهش حاضر با هدف مطالعه تجارب زیسته دختران جوان در زمینه فشار روانی بعد از فوت مادر در دوران نوجوانی انجام شده است. روش: این پژوهش با رویکردکیفی و با روش پدیدارشناسی انجام شده است. جامعه مورد پژوهش دختران نوجوان و جوان سن 20 تا 30 سال هستند که مادر خود را در دوران نوجوانی از دست دادهاند. مشارکت کنندگان به صورت در دسترس از طریق فضای مجازی انتخاب شدند. روش گردآوری اطلاعات مصاحبه نیمه ساختار یافته بود. یافته ها: از کدگذاری اطلاعات به دست آمده بعد از تحلیل داده ها و انجام کدگذاری ها، 8 مضمون فشار پیامدهای مستقیم فقدان مادر، اضافه بار نقش، فقدان حمایت مادر در نقاط عطف زندگی، آسیب دیدن در روابط بین فردی، فشار مربوط به تشریفات پس از فوت، احساس تنهایی، شکست تحصیلی و فشار احساسات منفی استخراج شد. یافته ها نشان داد تغییرات گسترده ای که در زندگی دختر نوجوان پس از فقدان مادر روی می دهد، به منابع نیرومندی برای مقابله با فشار ناشی از تغییرات نیاز دارد و اثرات فقدان تقریبا مادام العمر است. می توان براساس یافته ها، برنامه ای آموزشی جهت کاهش فشار روانی دختران نوجوان، پس از فقدان مادر تدوین کرد.Changes in the Lives of Adolescent Girls after Maternal Death: A Phenomenological
Objective: Mother's mourning during adolescence has a profound effect on adolescents. according to imprtance of subject; The aim of this study was to study the lived experiences of young girls in the field of stress after maternal death in adolescence. Method: This research has been done with a qualitative approach and phenomenological method. The study population consisted of adolescent and young girls aged 20 to 30 years who lost their mother during adolescence. Participants were selected to be available online. The interview data collection method was semi-structured. . Results: From the coding of information obtained after data analysis and coding, 8 themes of pressure, direct consequences of maternal absence, role overload, lack of maternal support in life milestones, damage in interpersonal relationships, post-mortem pressure Feeling of loneliness, academic failure and negative emotional pressure were extracted. The findings showed that the vast changes that occur in the adolescent girl's life after the loss of the mother require strong resources to cope with the pressure of change, and the effects of the loss are almost lifelong. Based on the findings, it is possible to develop educational programs to reduce the psychological stress of adolescent girls after the loss of the mother.
Grief, Adolescent, Mother, Stress .
Introduction
One of the most important and stressful stages in the family; Adolescence is the family of children. Identity formation is also one of the important topics of this period and adolescents who in this critical period may suffer from anxiety and mental disorders in the future. Adolescence is important for girls because of the special emotional, physical and cultural conditions and the role of the mother as the closest emotional person to her daughter. During this period; The mother informs her teenage daughter about the issues and problems of puberty as well as friendships. Given the importance of the mother's presence during this period, one of the biggest blows possible during this period; It's the loss of a mother to a teenage girl that can have far-reaching effects on her.
Methodology
The present study was performed by phenomenological method. This study was conducted to investigate the lived experiences of young girls in the field of psychological stress after maternal death. The study population consisted of adolescent and young girls aged 20 to 30 years who lost their mothers during adolescence. Sample members were selected to be available through cyberspace. Participants were interviewed semi-structurally. Interviews were conducted with questions about post-mortem stress from participants. Questions such as: You may go back to previous memories and say what psychological pressures did you experience in life after your mother died? What were the differences in your life? The interview continued until the data was saturated. The sample size was 12 people. After the interview, the statements of the participants were coded and analyzed. From the analysis of the research question; 40 sub-codes and 8 main codes were obtained. The 7-step Klaizi method was used to analyze the data.
Findings
After repeated study and coding of interviews in the first axis, the lived experiences of young girls in the field of psychological stress after maternal death were reviewed and 20 sub-themes were extracted which were included in the following 6 main components. "Pressure of direct consequences of motherlessness, role overload, lack of mother support in life milestones, damage to interpersonal relationships, feelings of loneliness, academic failure, stress of negative emotions." At the core was summed up the "sweeping changes that take place in the life of a teenage girl after the loss of her mother, the need for strong resources to cope with the pressure of change, and the effects of the loss are almost lifelong".
Result
The present study studies the lived experiences of young girls in the field of stress after maternal death in adolescence through phenomenological method. Numerous studies have been conducted on mourning and its consequences. The results of this study are based on the results of Chapman (1977), Bartlett and Harrocks (quoted by Adams et al., 1977; translated by Attaran and Bagheri, 1373), Elizar and Kaufman (1982), Akok and Demo, 1988, quoting McLanhan and Roshoton, 2002. ) Brent, Inspired, Donho & Walker (2009) and Gretler, Martinez, Levin, Bertozy (2004), Scholes et al. (2001) and Boerner et al. (2004), Warden (translated by Firooz Bakht, Beigi, 2003) Is consistent. One of the apparent causes of stress in adolescent girls who have lost their mother is; Lack of emotional relationships, lack of motherly regret and anger are reminders of the mother's absence. Lack of social support is the most essential factor in predicting adverse outcomes in burnout. They have a severe academic decline, show less interest in attending school, and are often physically weaker than normal children. Overload is a role in the absence of the mother causes the children to fill the vacancy by accepting the role and responsibilities of the mother, which sometimes burdens the children and causes psychological stress and feelings of anger towards others. "Overall, the profound changes that occur in a teenage girl's life after the loss of her mother require strong resources to cope with the pressures of change, and the effects of the loss, if left unresolved, are almost lifelong".
تبلیغات
