مطالب مرتبط با کلیدواژه
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planning
حوزه های تخصصی:
The purpose of this study was to determine the cost of pilgrimage trips in Iran, a sample of the Mashhad metropolis, and a descriptive and analytical survey method in post-event research. Required data were collected using documentary and field methods by means of a check-up tool and a questionnaire. The questionnaire was evaluated and verified using form and content methods. After determining its accuracy and accuracy, it was applied in practice. For analyzing the collected data, descriptive and inferential statistical methods, especially multivariate regression, were used with SPSS software. The findings of the study showed that the economic and social conditions of the household are the main factors affecting the distribution of pilgrimage tourists entering the city of Mashhad and the amount of education, income and number of households have more impact. Give Also, every pilgrim's household entering the city of Mashhad considers its monthly income for traveling to this city. According to the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, the tourist expenses and household income are normalized. Based on this, the proposed strategy The regulation of tourism policies is based on the average household cost.
Issues with Language Policy and Planning in Iranian Higher Education(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزه های تخصصی:
In this study, we attempt to bring to light various organisational and implementational clashes relevant to the conceptualisation of language policies at national level, and the planning of local practices with regard to degree programmes, language journals and conferences in Iranian higher education. We also prove that in its current status, the ELT syllabus in Iran, both at national and local levels, is a mixture of English Language Teaching, Linguistics, and Applied Linguistics (a hotchpotch), which suffers from ‘regulatory barriers’. The paper asks for an in-depth language policy and planning (LPP) that would clarify the blurred boundaries between ELT, Applied Linguistics, and Linguistics in Iranian higher education. This paper recommends that there should be a change regarding language-in-education policy and planning in Iran; a change that would be able to address both theoretical and applied language problems at national and local levels. The attempt should begin with organising a clear and comprehensive language planning with regard to language programmes. This would mean carefully determining the scope and boundaries of the fields as ELT, Applied Linguistics, and Linguistics in the higher educational context. The subsequent challenge is to fix the problematic implementation of language programmes at the local level, considering language journals, conferences, and syllabuses. The findings presented in this work are useful for language policymakers to regulate language-in-education policy and planning in Iran.
Considering the Coefficient of Relationship between the Students’ Attitude toward Social Networks Policy making with Social Security Feeling(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزه های تخصصی:
Abstract: This study aims at measuring the relationship between students‟ attitude toward govern-ment‟s virtual social network policy making with social security feeling, in another word, to which extent social security feeling emphasizing on social networks is determined via users‟ attitude toward government‟s media policy making? Analytical-descriptive method including survey is used in this paper; the method used for data collection is the design of the question-naire. The statistical community was “all the students in Azad University of East Tehran Branch”; the sample included “363 persons” and the sampling method was proportional sort-ing probable. Findings show that, the most correlation is related to the legitimacy index with a correlation coefficient of 85%, planning with correlation coefficient n of 45%, and decision making of government with correlation coefficient n of 41% and government policy making execution index with correlation coefficient n of 44% has the least correlation coefficient. Thus, it can be said that, by increasing legitimacy, planning, and decision making of the gov-ernment, students‟ attitude toward policy making is accelerated and amount of social security of students increase intermediately, that is, a direct and an intermediate correlation relation between three mentioned indices of government‟s media policy making with variable of stu-dents‟ social security. However, there is a weak correlation relation in another index, i.e. poli-cy execution, in another word; there is a direct and weak correlation relation between the re-lated index and social security of students. It means that, students have a negative attitude to-ward non-significant execution of policies and a weak feel of social security.
Input-Output Balance Calculation of Energy and Material from Geomorphic Basins in Planning & Management of Basin, Case Study: Kor River Basin(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
This paper tries to systematically survey, with taking theoretical view on geomorphic basin and its changes into account. The purpose of this research is to determine the balance and stability of geomorphic basins from the past to present and then to future. Consequently, it tries to determine the balance between energy and input-output materials for example (rainfall , solar radiation, tectonics and neotectonics …) to the basin based cybernetics (including geomorphic, topographic and geological state) and also to calculate energy and material balance considering positive and negative entropy at basin level. Based on the findings, which is the outcome of cybernetic resultant between form and process in basin, we can determine stability and type of balance in the basin. In this paper, emphasis has been put only on rainfall (express of the energy exponent). However, it first discusses Kor Basin Geomorphic locations and Energy-Material Entropy on its surface and then Quantity form of energy (Isolated & Potential Energy). Considering geomorphic state of the basin, we can determine the best planning method from all systems (planning, risk management and crisis management) for basin that neither requires a great cost nor causes disturbance in stability and geomorphic balance while being the optimal process. In Kor geo planning, we are encountering and determining two dimentions: (Y dimension, for geomorphic change for example throughput topogeraphy geradient formations on Kor Basin and X dimension, for rainfall discharge range on Kor Basin rivers out let only and only on fiat paper surface), but in Kor geo management, we represent at least three – dimensional ordered, for example topogeraphy gradient for Y coordinate and rivers discharge quantity for X coordinate and absolution geography location (for space point Z coordinate). Consequently, Kor River Basin can be studied based on two scientific metod : I . Planning & II , Management .
The Potential Combined Effects of Task Complexity and Planning Types on Iranian EFL Learners’ Oral Production Performance(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
Applied Research on English Language, V. ۹ , N. ۴ , ۲۰۲۰
503 - 538
حوزه های تخصصی:
This study examined the combined effects of two task complexity levels (i.e., high- and low-complex) and two planning conditions including pre-task planning and on-line planning on Iranian intermediate language learners’ speech production regarding complexity, accuracy, and fluency. To this end, 90 intermediate EFL learners from a language institute in Shiraz were randomly assigned into two control and four experimental groups. At first, the language learners in all groups participated in the speaking pretest. Presented with a series of picture description tasks, the participants were asked to narrate a story. During 10 treatment sessions of picture description task performance, the experimental and control groups attempted different planning time conditions including pre-task planning, online planning, and no-planning along with task complexity levels. Finally, following the last session, the posttest was administered to all participants. The narrations analysis, as well as the results of Mixed between-within groups ANOVAs and a series of one-way ANOVAs, manifested that language learners in the pre-task high complexity group outperformed all other groups in terms of complexity. Moreover, the online low complexity group and online high complexity group outperformed the pre-task planning low complexity, no-planning low complexity, and no-planning high complexity groups regarding accuracy. With regard to fluency, the pre-task planning low complexity group significantly outperformed the no-planning low complexity, no-planning high complexity, and online high complexity groups. It was also concluded that pre-task planning affected language learners’ speech fluency. The implications of the results are also addressed.
The Effect of the Idea of Education Content Knowledge on the Planning and Development of Faculty Members in Farhangian University, Region 2 of the Country
منبع:
Curriculum Research, Volume ۱, Issue ۱, Summer ۲۰۲۰
69 - 76
حوزه های تخصصی:
Purpose : The impact of content knowledge idea instruction on teaching quality of Farhangian University faculty members of Region 9 of Iran. Method : This applied study was conducted with a mixed approach using a qualitative and quantitative approach. In the qualitative section, the statistical population included 20 professors of Farhangian University in Region 9, 10 of who were selected by purposive sampling method based on saturation law, and 263 faculty members, professors and visiting lecturers of Farhangian University in Region 9 of the country. Including (Semnan, Mazandaran and Golestan) were in the quantitative section that 156 of them were selected as a sample using random sampling method classified according to Cochran's formula. To collect data, two content knowledge education questionnaires (researcher-made) with 82 questions and the development of faculty members of Qoroneh et al. With 93 questions were used. The validity and validity of the instruments were confirmed by the supervisors and consultants and the combined reliability and Cronbach's alpha were calculated higher than 0.7. SPSS21 and PLS3.2 software and structural equations were used for data analysis. Findings : The results of structural equation test showed that the effect of content knowledge of education and training on the development of faculty members in Farhangian University, Region 9 was positive and significant. Conclusion : The results showed that the effect of content knowledge of education on the development of faculty members in Farhangian University in 9 countries has been significant.
Identification Empowerment Predisposing Factors in Islamic Azad University - A Theory Grounded Theory Approach(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزه های تخصصی:
Purpose: The aim of this research was to Empowerment predisposing variables in Islamic Azad University. This study defines and discusses the concept of empowerment in Islamic Azad university. Method: In this study, books and documents and treatises and theses and dissertations and scientific journals related to the topic, 20Faculty of Islamic Azad University, which was associated with empowerment study were selected based on snowball sampling method. Grounded theory was based on research looking. In order to approve the efficiency, we have used this method in a case study and explained its implementation step by step. Finding: The methodology of Grounded theory has been chosen for this purpose. Grounded Theory is a powerful research method for collecting and analyzing research data. It was ‘discovered’ by Glaser & Strauss (1967) in the 1960s but is still not widely used or understood by researchers in some industries or PhD students in some science disciplines. Conclusion: The results showed, Charm goals, planning, Compliance, Accountability, Environmental conditions, The nature of the job The predisposing factors of empowerment were identified by experts in Islamic Azad University.
Theoretical, Methodological, Communication and Information Technologies Approaches to Modeling and Forecasting Personnel Education in Covid-19 Conditions(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزه های تخصصی:
The article is devoted to solving the problems of predicting the education of Ukrainian staff in the current COVID-2019 conditions in order to improve the efficiency of their work. Theoretical approaches regarding the characteristics of modeling and prediction of education have been studied, systematic and summarized. Factors that significantly complement the theory and methodology of the scientific provisions of the economy have been identified, taking into account the peculiarities of their work in the modern economic environment, structural changes, and new changes. The pros and cons of studying modeling approaches have been identified. The main features of structural change have been studied and it has been established that the modeling and forecasting of staff education has significant features.
Experience of Land Use Development Planning at the Local (Municipal) Level in the European Union(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزه های تخصصی:
The article examines the development of theoretical and methodological approaches and practical recommendations for improving the ecological and economic foundations of land management and land management at the local level in the example of the European Union. In practice, regional, spatial, strategic, landscape, and integrated types of land use development planning are most often used in the European Union. With the development of the market economy of European society, environmental problems arose, which prompted the development of landscape planning, both landscape-ecological and socio-economic aspects of territorial development. The experience of landscape planning was introduced in Germany, which later became used in almost all European countries. The study and direct comparison of existing landscape planning systems in different European countries, and their reduction to several basic features are not possible and impractical because these systems are very different. This is due to a number of reasons: history, features of political systems, cultural traditions, level of economic development, the nature of legal systems and property relations. Landscape planning in the European Union is going to be one of the tensest areas of activity in the future, and Ukraine must take an active part in this process.
Interaction of the Home and the Economic Free Related(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزه های تخصصی:
The article is devoted to solving the problems of internal economic relations in Ukraine in modern conditions in order to increase the efficiency of their functioning. Studied, systematized and generalized theoretical approaches regarding the features of the interaction of internal and external economic relations, which significantly complement the theory and methodology of the scientific principles of the branch economy. In Ukraine, during the period of restoration of trade and economic relations with the CIS countries and active integration processes in the world economy, the volumes and structure of exports and imports undergo significant changes. In this regard, it is advisable to forecast the export and import in the near future. Conceptual provisions regarding the formation of a national strategy, a mechanism for managing the development of Ukraine’s integration processes on the principles of improving the current legislative and regulatory regulation in the country are proposed. In addition to the convenience for calculations, the hierarchical model also has other significant advantages. So, a high degree of independence of groups from each other makes it extremely flexible.
Developing a Model for Entrepreneurial Marketing Planning for Tourism Development in Innovative Iranian Start-up Companies
حوزه های تخصصی:
The purpose of this study is to design and develop a marketing planning model for the development of tourism industry in start-ups and innovative Iranian companies. This industry, which is one of the most dynamic economic activities of the present era, plays an important role in sustainable local development. The research method in this research is applied. It is also a type of field analysis because the data collection tool is a questionnaire and the researcher has collected information through the respondents. The statistical population of this study is all the officials of the executive bodies in relation to the tourism industry and employees and private companies in this regard. Due to the infinity of the statistical population and its large size, cluster sampling is available and the sample size is 14 people. The results of the study were analyzed through version 10 of Maxqda software. In the results, causal variables include environmental attitude, economic and environmental conditions, competition, tourism planning and social capital.
Mapping of Soft Drinks Preferences from the Air Travel Customers’ Viewpoint
حوزه های تخصصی:
The purpose of this study is to design and develop a marketing planning model for the development of tourism industry in start-ups and innovative Iranian companies. This industry, which is one of the most dynamic economic activities of the present era, plays an important role in sustainable local development. The research method in this research is applied. It is also a type of field analysis because the data collection tool is a questionnaire and the researcher has collected information through the respondents. The statistical population of this study is all the officials of the executive bodies in relation to the tourism industry and employees and private companies in this regard. Due to the infinity of the statistical population and its large size, cluster sampling is available and the sample size is 14 people. The results of the study were analyzed through version 10 of Maxqda software. In the results, causal variables include environmental attitude, economic and environmental conditions, competition, tourism planning and social capital
The Impact of Task-based Online Planning on EFL Learners’ Performance and Attention Shift
منبع:
Journal of Foreign Language Teaching and Translation Studies, Vol. ۶, No. ۱, Winter ۲۰۲۱
97 - 112
حوزه های تخصصی:
Research findings reported to date indicate that carefully planning speech while performing a task increases second language (L2) learners’ attention to formal aspects of their discourse. The evidence, however, is mostly based on performance analysis with respect to the linguistic measures of complexity, accuracy, and fluency. To enhance the psycholinguistic validity of current findings, the present research adopted a process-product approach to analyze L2 learners’ performance and attention shift as indicated by the occurrence of pauses in their speech. The study involved thirty Iranian learners of English as a foreign language (EFL) who were divided into two groups of fifteen. Whereas participants in the first group were given unlimited time to carefully plan while performing a narrative task, their counterparts in the other group completed the same task under time constraint. Following participants’ performance, both performance analysis and retrospective interviews were conducted to collect their protocol data. The results revealed that carefully planned speech is characterized by increased complexity and accuracy and reduced fluency stemming from attention being primarily focused on syntactic encoding, lexical choice, and phonology instead of conceptualizing the message. The outcomes are discussed in light of their theoretical and pedagogical implications.
Assessing the Risk of Post-earthquake Fire and Presenting Risk Reduction Strategies in Qazvin and Markazi Provinces(مقاله پژوهشی وزارت بهداشت)
INTRODUCTION: The location of Qazvin and Markazi provinces in high-seismicity regions has increased the probability of earthquake occurrence in these provinces. One of the most serious crises that threaten Qazvin and Markazi provinces is the post-earthquake fire which will be very probable considering the potential hazards. The present study aimed to identify the factors affecting the post-earthquake fire and present some strategies for pre-and post-earthquake preparedness in Qazvin and Markazi provinces. METHODS: In this descriptive-analytical study, the maps were produced using the Geographic Information System (GIS), and data collection sources were books, articles, and documents. Three main maps of risk, vulnerability, and crisis were prepared, and the analyses were performed by SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) table. Thereafter, some practical strategies and policies were presented to achieve the intended goals. Strategies were developed for four programs to mitigate risk likelihood and vulnerability, manage fire, and reconstruct, along with development. FINDINGS: As evidenced by the obtained, the dispersion of some man-made factors, such as power transmission lines, gas stations, and high-risk industries, increases the likelihood of post-earthquake fires in both provinces. Furthermore, such geographical factors as scattered vegetation and location in arid climates increase the probability of fire spread. The final map of the crisis demonstrated that fires are more likely to occur in the center of Qazvin province and the north of Markazi province. CONCLUSION: Based on the results of the present study, the first step in regional planning and policy-making for the mitigation of fire hazards must be based on crisis maps and in harmony with subsequent hazards and damages. In this regard, to mitigate the risk of post-earthquake in these two provinces, the following measures are suggested: increasing safety in infrastructure, networks, facilities, industrial estates, and high-risk industries.
Identify, Explain and Prioritize Human Resource Planning Factors in Order to Show Organizational Citizenship Behavior by Employees(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزه های تخصصی:
Purpose: Considering the importance of human resource planning for organizational citizenship behavior, the purpose of this study was identify, explain and prioritize human resource planning factors in order to occurrence organizational citizenship behavior by employees. Methodology: The present research was descriptive from type of qualitative-quantitative. The research population in the qualitative part was documents and texts related to the research and experts were familiar with the subject who tried to identify and explain the factors of human resource planning in order to occurrence organizational citizenship behavior and in the quantitative part were the experts who prioritized these factors. The research sample consisted of 20 research-related documents and 15 experts who were selected by purposive non-random sampling method. Data collection tools included taking notes of documents and texts and surveying about new effective factors and expressing the rate of importance of existing factors in Delphi. Data were analyzed by coding and factor analysis methods. Findings: Findings showed that for the human resource planning pattern in order to occurrence organizational citizenship behavior by employees in the human resource planning part were identified 67 indicators in 19 components and in the organizational citizenship behavior part were identified 28 indicators in 6 components. In human resource planning the 19 components respectively were include performance management, labor adjustment, organizational culture, strategic goals, organizational structure, human resource planning, recruitment, training and development, maintenance, external environment, supply, demand, human resource strategy, strategic planning, management style, flexibility, reward system, job analysis and individual factors and in organizational citizenship behavior the 6 components respectively were include altruism, work conscience, personal development, organizational loyalty, organizational obedience and citizenship virtue. Conclusion: According to the reported results, to develop the occurrence of organizational citizenship behavior by employees can be action through its effective human resource planning factors that was identified in the present research.
Importance of Urban Tourism Planning in Tehran with Economic Approach
حوزه های تخصصی:
In world economic process, tourism plays a critical role and is deemed as a main element of development. One of mostly-used types of tourism is the urban tourism as the beginning of development of this industry, and attracts many tourists per year. This paper studies the urban tourism importance, then the role of urban tourism planning in metropolitan Tehran. The main purpose of this research is the analysis and recognition of position of tourism industry in economic growth and income resources of Tehran. The current research is practical in goal, and descriptive- inferential in the research performance methodology, and the data was collected using the documentary and questionnaire method. Statistical population of this research includes Tehran inhabitants among whom the researcher- organized questionnaire was distributed and collected. Using Cochran Formula, 384 people was chosen as sample of statistical population, and data was analyzed and the statistical tests were used by applying SPSS software. The results indicated that planning for attraction of more tourists and increase of their duration can be effective on economic development of Tehran. In this research, tourism industry includes two important factors, infrastructures and advertisement, which shall be considered as main priority and seriously pursued in Tehran tourism planning
Presenting a Framework for Provincial Crisis Response Programs in Hamadan Province(مقاله پژوهشی وزارت بهداشت)
حوزه های تخصصی:
INTRODUCTION: After the approval of the country's crisis management law, the upstream documents related to this law, including the preparedness and response programs at the national and provincial levels, are among the tasks assigned to increase the efficiency of the crisis management processes. METHODS: This study presents a general framework for developing a provincial crisis response program. The proposed process has been used to develop the crisis response program of Hamadan province. In the phase of understanding the current situation, questionnaires and in-depth interviews were used to collect field data and determine the challenges presented to crisis management in Hamadan province. Moreover, a method for allocating the specialized functions of the response phase to the provincial organizations has been presented using the national crisis documents. FINDINGS: In general, the findings of this research can be assigned to three groups. The first group pertained to the project method, including the stages of understanding the current situation and developing the response program of the provinces. The second group of findings was the summary of the analysis of field data collected regarding the state of preparedness and response in Hamadan province. The third group encompassed determining and allocating specialized crisis response functions in Hamadan province. The functions of the provinces (n=32) and after their compliance with the national functions, the crisis management law, and the capabilities of the existing organization in the province, 56 specialized sub-functions were identified in the provinces, and the responsible, collaborating, and supporting institutions were determined. CONCLUSION: As evidenced by the obtained results, in the process of function allocation, some problems have been identified due to the shortage of information in the upstream documents, which are suggested to the crisis management organization for better planning.
Development of Strategic Themes of the Faculty of Sports Sciences(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزه های تخصصی:
The purpose of the research was to develop the strategic themes for sports sciences faculty of Isfahan Islamic Azad University. A mixed approach was used to collect and analyze data. The research tool consisted of an open questionnaire, interviews and strategic council meetings. Theoretical and snowball sampling methods were used to reach the theoretical saturation. For analyzing the collected data, a quantitative section of the strategic position and action assessment matrix and quantitative strategic planning matrix were used and in the qualitative section, a logical inductive method was used. The findings of the research showed that the faculty has four main objectives: maintaining the status quo in the pursuit of missions in accordance with the university's macro policies, developing and expanding processes and services in line with the capacities and needs of the sports community, making a better contribution to the goals and policies of the university and the college's strategic impact on provincial sports, while the college strategy approach was based on an aggressive position based on the status assessment matrix and strategic action.Hence, the brand's excellence in the college was chosen as one of the market leaders as a priority strategy in maintaining the status quo in the competitive market. Managers can use the presently-developed plan to highlight sports goals and provide conditions for achieving the intended outlook.
Designing a Community Sports Planning Model in Iranian Metropolises Using Grounded Theory(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزه های تخصصی:
Health and well-being have become significant dimensions of urban sustainability, particularly in countries with rapid urbanization. Community sports affect the health and vitality of society's population. Although planning for city management has existed throughout history, an integrated structure of the role of sports in urban planning to improve the quality of life and health of citizens has not yet been defined. This study aims to present a community sports planning program in metropolitan areas of Iran. The research was qualitative, and was done using the grounded theory approach based on the systematic approach of Strauss and Corbin (1998). 13 participants were purposefully selected from experts in the field of public sports development for interviewing. The final model was based on 6 categories and 36 factors. Gender and infrastructure were the most contextual factors. Cultural and underlying factors were given more attention than casual factors. Among intervening factors, media, monitoring, and evaluation got more emphasis. The categories of infrastructure and planning were mostly emphasized in the strategies section. While, in the model implementation consequences section, cultural and social consequences were mostly emphasized. Through a participatory approach to sports development, metropolitan municipalities can better understand the needs of their citizens. A bottom-up or company-centric approach allows organizers to reconstruct sports presentation models based on each metropolis.
Evaluation of Connective Status and Accessibility of Official Buildings to Plan and Manage Urban Crisis in Isfahan(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
Architecture and Urban Development, Volume ۱۳, Issue ۳ - Serial Number ۴۹, Summer ۲۰۲۳
59 - 70
حوزه های تخصصی:
One of the issues that mos t cities across the world are faced with is natural disas ters. Natural hazards and their devas tating effects remain on the ground, especially in recent years, the countries have been about to reduce the damage caused to it to plan and manage their events. Adminis trative units could have an important role as one of the elements before, during, and after the crisis. In this s tudy, connective s tatus and building accessibility in the offices of region 5 in Isfahan were s tudied, including Telecommunication Organizations, Fire S tations, Electricity Companies, municipalities, Education Minis try, and Gas Companies. Heretofore, there was no study of the connective s tatus and accessibility of the office buildings in Esfahan. This research is a descriptive and analytical survey. The required information was evaluated and weighed by six indices, including the questionnaire, field collecting method, and A.H.P. measures. The results indicated that among administrative centers in terms of the degree of connectivity and accessibility, adminis trative codes 6 and 17, with weights of 0.03% and 0.031% were the mos t accessible, and adminis trative codes 14, 8, 9, 10, and 11 with weights of 0.07%, 0.067% were the mos t inaccessible.