مطالب

The objectives of the present ethnography were three-fold: exploring the MA TEFL students' expectations of the Advanced Writing course taken as part of their coursework in the MA program, unearthing the actual classroom practices implemented, and eliciting any possible suggestions for its improvement. To this aim, stimulated recall and ethnographically-oriented qualitative research were used to interview nine MA students at IAU, Isfahan Branch and unravel their perspectives concerning the writing course they had passed. Non-participant observation was also used to triangulate the data and verify the students' responses regarding the expectations/problems of the course and the classroom practices besides cyclical data analysis to find the recurring patterns and themes in the data. Results showed the most serious problems were lack of enough writing practice during the course, limited class hours, and lack of feedback on students' writings. The prevalent classroom practices, on the other hand, were covering the APA writing style, teaching how to write the different sections of a research report, and working on essay writing during the first few sessions of the course. Finally, the top suggestions made by the students were adding practical writing activities to the course, having more writing courses, taking advantage of group work for students to monitor each other's work and provide peer feedback, and offering the course right before students take their thesis rather than in the first semester of the MA program. These findings can heighten the educator's awareness and contribute to a better understanding of students' needs/expectations regarding academic writing. Overall, by addressing the gap in understanding advanced EFL learners' expectations, this study can have practical implications that directly impact the teaching of writing. It can guide curriculum development, inform instructional approaches, enhance learner motivation and engagement, promote learner autonomy, and improve instructional materials, ultimately leading to more effective writing instruction and improved outcomes for advanced EFL learners.

Purpose: The concept of social health along with other aspects of health, including physical, mental and spiritual has a special place. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of studying the social health of students with an emphasis on curriculum planning. Methodology: The research method in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was survey. The statistical population in this study were included all 5,200 students of the second high school in Lordegan city. The sample size was determined based on Cochran's formula 357 people, which this number were selected by available sampling method. Data was collected with Keyes social health questionnaire (1998) with five components of social flourishing, social correlation, social cohesion, social acceptance and social participation, which its validity was confirmed by experts (mentors and advisors, specialists and research experts) and its reliability was confirmed by the method Cronbach's alpha was calculated 0.78. The data were analyzed with using mean, Friedman test and independent t-test methods in SPSS software. Findings: The findings showed that 7 questionnaires were removed from the analysis due to incompleteness and analyzes were performed for 350 people. Also, the amount of social health was below average, the amount of social correlation, social acceptance and social participation was below average and the amount of social flourishing and social cohesion was above average. Among the components of social health, respectively the amount of social cohesion, social participation, social acceptance, social flourishing and social correlation was higher among students. In addition, the average social health of male students was higher than female students (P<0.05). Conclusion: In general, the results indicated an unfavorable state of social health in students, especially in female students. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt curriculum planning in the educational environment to improve their social health.

La littérature contemporaine se tourne à la fin de XXe siècle vers de nouvelles formes littéraires axées principalement sur les préoccupations environnementales; un imaginaire écologique en rapport avec la nature s’éclore, une sorte de retour à l’authenticité qui met l’environnement au-devant de la scène. Le milieu naturel occupe de plus en plus l’imaginaire littéraire et s'oriente vers un nouveau rapport avec la nature environnante qui constitue une des préoccupations principales des auteurs contemporains, y compris celle de Le Clézio(1940).Ce dernier représente à travers Mondo (1978) un imaginaire littéraire où l’environnement naturel s'affiche comme une préoccupation majeure; l'auteur s'applique à y décrire le parcours évolutif d’une jeunesse perdue qui mène à une lutte conflictuelle entre l’homme et la civilisation. Alors dans le cadre d’une étude descriptive et analytique, cette recherche s’est fixé comme ambition, une fois définie l’écopoétique, de faire ressortir l’importance d'une analyse écopoétique de "Mondo" et tente une approche de ce récit du point de vue de l’écopoétique, en étudiant les éléments constitutifs de la nature (la mer, la montagne, la colline, etc.), tout en cherchant à en extraire la description et la narratologie comme le noyau primitif de l’écriture le clézienne. Les résultats de la présente recherche laissent à penser que Le Clézio, s'érigeant en défenseur de la nature et des cultures minoritaires, fait une large place à la thématique écologique dans cette nouvelle.