درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Customer relationship and recognition of the customer financial behaviour are considered as important strategic factors involved in successful performance of the banks. So, identifying these factors and prioritizing them help to make better decisions to complete the value chain of the banks’ financial services, especially in development banks that tend to have midterm and long-time presence in financial markets. So, the present research aims to identify and prioritize the mentioned factors in Bank of Industry and Mine as one of the main development banks of Iran. The present research has been performed in two phases. In the first stage, or qualitative part, In the first stage, during the review of the literature and the opinions of banking experts, the relevant indicators were identified. In the second stage, or quantitative part, the statistical data of variables in the period of 2012-2017 was collected. Then, the identified factors were prioritized by multi-criteria decision making in TOPSIS solver software. According to the findings, environmental factors are the main indicators affecting the bank customers’ financial behaviour. The most important customer-related factor was the definite profit paid to the customer; the most important bank-related factor was credit risk; and the most important environmental factor was economic growth.

This study examines whether the firms’ leverage adjustment speed is influenced by real and accrual-based earnings manipulation over the period 2006-2019. We find evidence suggesting that the leverage adjustment speed in firms with a higher level of real and accrual-based earnings manipulation is slower than that of other firms. Specifically, we show that under-levered (over-levered) firms with a higher level of earnings manipulation tend to adjust their actual leverage toward an optimal level, faster (slower) than that of other firms. These results are robust to different metrics for real and accrual-based earnings management, an alternative set of leverage determinants, alternative sample periods, and various estimation methods.

The aim of the present paper is to determine influence of job crafting on B2B salesperson performance through meaningful work in banking industry. This study applies role-resource avoidance approach theory to explain how job crafting affects Business to Business salesperson outcome and behavioral performance through mediating role of meaningful work. To achieve the research objectives, research data were collected from 175 B2B salesperson and their managers branches of four different Banks of Iran. Structural Equation Modeling was used by SmartPLS (2) software to analyze the impact of job crafting activities on salesperson performance through mediating role of meaningful work. Results of the present study indicated that three types of job crafting activities (i.e., role-approach crafting, resource-approach crafting and role-avoidance crafting) are positively related to salespersons’ selling and non-selling behavioral performance through meaningful work. The resource-avoidance activities are negatively related to salespersons’ selling behavioral performance through meaningful work, but they have not scientific influence on non-selling behavioral performance. Moreover, the salesperson’s both selling and non-selling behavioral performance is positively related to salesperson outcome performance. Prior quantitative studies of job crafting have focused on role orientation or resource orientation but in this study, we used role-resource avoidance approach perspective that suggested new and wide taxonomy for job crafting such work role expansion, work social expansion, work organization, adaptation, metacognition, work role reduction and withdrawal activities.

Given the growing importance of foreign trade, especially for Iran, as well as the importance of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) , the main purpose of this study is to examine Iran's trade potential with the CIS during the time period 2014-2018. In this regard, by using Allen and Drysdale indices, we have firstly examined Iran's trade similarity with CIS countries. Then, the competitiveness has been evaluated by calculating RCA and Lafay indicators. Finally, based on RCA, Lafay and total trade potential criteria, Iran's trade potential with CIS countries has been measured. According to the study, Iran's trade potential with the CIS region varies between $ 19 billion and $ 30 billion during the time period, and Iran has used only less than 10 percent of its existing trade potential with this region. During the period, Iran has a comparative advantage in more than 400 commoditiy groups, and according to the RCA index, the most important competitive commodity groups are generally primary goods, based on natural resources, agriculture and oil. Also, according to the Lafay Index for 2018, Iran has about 500 commodity groups with a positive index, and there is a significant balance in favor of this group of commodities. Given some significant capacities and advantages over the CIS, Iran should develop its trade with this region, taking into account national interests.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of reliable leadership and Job crafting on customer orientation and service recovery performance in Sepah Bank in Khuzestan province. The present research is practical in terms of purpose and is descriptive survey research in terms of research method. Research data using a standard integrated questionnaire to measure reliable leadership variable with 16 items of standard questionnaire of Walumbwa et al. (2008), to measure customer-oriented performance variable with 7 items of Dimitriadis standard questionnaire (2007) to measure performance variable Service retrieval with 5 items of the standard questionnaire of Babakos et al. (2003) and to measure the variable of Job crafting with 21 items of the standard questionnaire of Thames et al. (2012) were collected in the form of Likert scale. The statistical population of the study was 605 employees of Sepah Bank in Khuzestan province, which according to Cochran's formula, 235 people randomly formed the volume of the research sample. Cronbach's alpha of the numerical value of this coefficient for the standard questionnaire was generally 0.835. SPSS and AMOS statistical software were used for an inferential analysis of research data. The results showed that, given that the critical ratio is equal to 4.486, which is more than 1.96, reliable leadership has a positive effect on customer orientation; also, given that the critical ratio is 2.646, we conclude that reliable leadership has a positive effect on service recovery performance; given that the critical ratio is 6.158,