درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

This paper investigates the design of an efficient model so as to anticipate the basic economic market rate of returns. To do so, accepting the relationships, interactions and effectiveness of these markets and exploiting Comonotonic Functions under Probability Function Framework as well as using weekly data for ten years’ period of time(2008-2017) in Iran’s economy we design optimum model and test its capability and estimation power. The results illustrate the efficiency of the achieved model. Furthermore, taking the practical nature of this paper into account, we come up with optimum lag of time and the period of time required to achieve equilibrium in any market and the entire economy as a prototype in the frame of Stock Exchange.

The stock market is influenced by other parallel markets and macroeconomic variables; such variables have impacts on the behavior of financial market players. Accordingly, this study first examines the existence of herding behavior among investors in the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). It then investigates the effects of exogenous economic variables on this industry-level behavior in the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) throughout 2008- 2018. For this purpose, 12 different industries were studied, and the results of nonlinear regression analysis showed the existence of herding behavior in all selected industries in the bearish market. However, this is not true for the bullish market. The findings also indicate that the effects of exogenous variables are not the same in different industries.

With advanced information and communication technology, the organizations’ business model has undergone fundamental changes. These changes are also observed in the banking industry. This research aims at explaining the Iranian electronic banking business model and recognizing its challenges in the transformation to digital banking, which is considered as the research innovation. In terms of method, the present research is a qualitative study and in terms of goal, it is primary research. In this research, grounded theory has been used as a systematic method for the investigation of complex multilateral issues. The population includes the expert managers of the banking industry who have mastery over macro policies of banking and electronic payment in Iran. Regarding the research method, all the interviews were recorded and converted to text. The coding and classification process was done based on three stages of open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. The outputs of these three stages were provided in the form of codes, concepts, and categories. During and after data collection, the data were reviewed for several times, the key points were specified, and the related codes were counted. Finally, 761 codes, 26 concepts, and 14 categories related to the research topic were identified based on which, the conceptual business model of Iranian electronic banking was developed. Based on the conceptual model of the research, seven challenges for digital banking transformation were identified.

By using the household data on food consumption, income and other social indicators including activity status, age, literacy, place of residence employment, and marital status, this paper aims to investigate the transitory impact of temporary and permanent income shocks on food consumption in Iran over the period 2009-2014. To study the deterministic effects of the household on food consumption and income, firstly, an Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method is used to estimate the impact of some Iranian social characteristics on households’ income and food consumption. Then, the variance– covariance structure of income and food consumption processes is utilized, which has described by the Permanent-Temporary model (PT) to identify the characterizing parameters, which link the behavior of consumption and income to estimate the consumption-smoothing parameters. The results indicate that there is nearly complete food consumption smoothing against temporary and permanent income shocks throughout the sample period. Moreover, households’ social indicators have significant effects on their food consumption, income levels, and insurance opportunities.