درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

The COVID-19 epidemic had a significant impact on both India and the rest of the world. The manufacturing and selling processes have been delayed due to the Covid-19 epidemic’s quick spread. Many sectors are now searching for a suitable and efficient disruption recovery strategy to assist in their recovery. Thus, the goal of this essay is to create a workable model that takes the Covid-19 pandemic’s many elements into account. This study proposes an inventory model while taking into account an interruption in demand. In this model, the FIFO policy is used to analyze effect of degradation. It has been suggested that a two-parametric Weibull distribution would accurately reflect the actual issues brought on by degradation. A two-warehouse system’s total cost will be as low as possible during the lock-down period, according to the research. Additionally, sensitivity analysis was utilized to assess the behavior of the models

Transparency can be defined as the provision of sufficient, relevant, and reliable information for stakeholders. Due to numerous limitations, transparency and disclosure remain a challenge in the Iranian banking sector. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine the impact of ownership structure on the transparency and disclosure of banks. To assess ownership structure, three variables are used: the percentage of shares held by the largest shareholder, the percentage of shares held by institutional shareholders, and the percentage of shares held by individual investors. The research method is of a correlational type in terms of content and nature. This study is applied in terms of its goal and is quantitative in nature based on the data. Statistical analysis was conducted on the information of 13 banks listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 2014 to 2022. An ordinary least squares (OLS) estimator with fixed-year effects and Stata software version 17 were used to test the research hypotheses. The results of this study show that the variables of individual investors' shares, the largest shareholder's shares, and institutional shareholders' shares have the most significant impact on the transparency and disclosure of banks, respectively. These findings indicate that the presence and influence of individual investors, large shareholders, and institutional shareholders each play a crucial role in improving the transparency and disclosure of banks.

As changes in information technology have a significant impact on the structure of companies, integration within the supply chain, which exists directly or indirectly in the structure of any company, can be beneficial for company performance. This study examines the indirect impact of customer responsiveness integration within the supply chain on the economic sustainability of the supply chain through the adoption of blockchain technology as a dynamic capability component in the automotive industry using a Bayesian Structural Equation Modeling (BSEM)approach. The statistical population of the study consists of experts, supervisors, and managers of automotive companies, with 123 individuals selected through non-probability sampling. To assess the validity of the questionnaire, opinions of experts weresought, and Cronbach's alpha was used to determine the reliability of the questionnaires. The SEM-AMOS24 software was used to analyze the research hypotheses and examine the validity of the model usingBSEM. Thefindings of the study indicate that internal integration, including customer and supplier integration, and external integration within the supply chain, have a significant impact on the relationship between blockchain technology adoption and the economic sustainability of the supply chain. Additionally, customer responsiveness about Supply Chain Integration (SCI) and economic sustainability is achieved by attracting desirable domestic and foreign investors.

Accounting processes and their related decisions play an important role in organizing business. If the organization does not have a comprehensive accounting system, managing it will face many problems such as liquidity deficit, tax penalties and so on. Therefore, optimizing accounting processes is essential for managing an organization and improves the company's performance and greater efficiency for business activities. On the other hand, estimates and subjective judgments in preparing financial statements have caused controversy among auditors and owners. In particular, in cases where the standards are not clear, the use of unavoidable judgment and mentality creates ambiguity in financial reporting. This is while the ultimate value of audit activity is in helping the user to determine the quality of the information received. On the other hand, the financial reporting crises of recent years have focused the attention of researchers and professional associations on increasing the reliability of audit reports and reducing negligence. Therefore, considering the importance of auditing and the quality of financial reporting, this study examines and analyzes auditing strategies and determines the optimal strategy to improve the quality of financial reporting. For this purpose, 120 companies active in the Tehran Stock Exchange, which have a legal and formal audit system and use external audit firms for auditing, are considered as a statistical sample based on the counting method, and the senior supervisors, managers and partners of this Companies have been questioned.