درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Purpose: According to self-determination theory well-being of individuals rests upon meeting the psychological need to autonomy, competence, and relatedness and the environment which provides the ground to meet these needs can facilitate psychological well-being of people. The goal of present research is to investigate the role of paternal and maternal autonomy support and warmth in psychological and social well-being of female students. Methodology: The design was correlational studies; 182 female freshmen students of Mashhad Payam-Noor University were selected using multistage random sampling and completed Perceptions of Parents Styles (POPS; Robbins, 1994), psychological well-being (Ryff, 1989) and social well-being (Keyes, 1998) questionnaires. Data analysis was done using correlation coefficients and stepwise regression in SPSS software. Findings: The findings showed that there was significant and positive relationship between paternal autonomy and social integration. Maternal warmth has positive relationships with self-acceptance, personal growth, social integration and social well-being. Paternal warmth has a positive significant relationship with self-acceptance, personal growth, psychological well-being, social integration, social contribution and social well-being. There was no significant relationship among maternal autonomy support with none of the research variables. Conclusion: It seems that warm and friendly behavior along with parents' affection toward children can have sustainable impacts on children's well-being.

This study focused on the pedagogical application of priming in an EFL context. Structural priming refers to the speakers’ tendency to produce the structure they encountered in recent discourse in subsequent production compared to an alternative form. Given the limited number of studies in the literature with a focus on the application of priming in L2 teaching and the problems that L2 learners face during speech production, the present study aimed at investigating whether the implication of priming leads to a more frequent oral and written production of the relative clause (RC) structure compared to adjectival modification of nouns (AN) in long- and short-terms as an instance of implicit learning. Participants consisted of 60 EFL female L2 learners, aged between 18-25 years old. Two experimental and 1 control groups were defined and 20 participants were allocated to each group. By applying a pretest, a treatment, an immediate posttest, a delayed posttest design, a picture description task, and a grammaticality judgment test (GJT), the data were gathered. Results of the descriptive and inferential analyses revealed that the implication of priming led to an improvement in the rate of the RC construction when the participants were involved in the written production of the L2, as compared to oral modality. Results are discussed based on structural complexity and procedures involved in L2 production. Theoretical and practical implications of the study are considered, too.

Traditional literature teaching is usually a passive process as students normally perform the role of listeners. This research proposes to alter the students’ role to active learners by assisting them to produce and stage an English children’s drama. This study is student-centered and attempts to adopt workshop and drama practice to enhance students’ participation in the classroom. Different from traditional teaching methods, constructivist pedagogy enables learners to recognize and strengthen their self-learning abilities. Often discussed in constructivist pedagogy, Lev Vygotsky’s works are especially related to this research. Even though the application of Vygotsky’s theory to teaching is beneficial to students, relevant studies are scarce in higher education. This paper then proposes to apply Vygotsky’s idea of zone of proximal development and scaffolding approach to cultivate students’ ability to produce an English children’s drama. Through the support of capable others, the learners achieve a deeper understanding of drama/literature and through the scaffold approach, students steadily leave the need of assistance behind, are able to work independently and autonomously, and become more capable than their previous selves.

Google Translate , a free multilingual machine translation service, developed by Google has attracted the attention of countless users due to its ease of use through modern means of mass communication, and has become the only translation tool in some areas. However, compared to human translation, these machine tools have not yet been able to deliver high-quality translations due to the complexity of translation process. Therefore, studying the modifications of machine translated texts is of great importance. Therefore, the current study aimed to explore the types of linguistic modifications of the texts translated from Persian into English through Google Translate. To this end, the abstracts of ten unpublished Persian literary articles intended to be submitted to Iranian journals were selected for the analysis. The selected abstracts were initially translated into English (target language) through Google Tra n slate from Persian (source language). To identify the kinds of changes needed to make them academically acceptable, the machine translated texts were all post edited. Then, the original Google translated texts and their post edited versions were compared to figure out the types of the applied modifications. The results of this qualitative study indicated that the linguistic post edition modification of the texts included tense, literal translation, redundancy, collocations, deletion of the main verb, word-choice and proper nouns.

Sports advertising is one of the methods used by most companies to introduce their brands and products and expand their market. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between brand identity transfer and sport commitment with the mediating role of promotional and advertising tools from the perspective of sports consumers in Iran. 500 sports consumers participated in this study and completed the research questionnaire. The results of the structural equation modeling (SEM) indicate that there is a significant relationship between brand identity transfer and sport commitment and their dimensions, with the mediating role of promotional and advertising tools. Further, TV, mobile and social networks should have a priority over other promotional tools when transferring brand identity and sports commitment of consumers. Besides, contributing to the advancement of theory, this study has important practical implications for sport marketers and managers who are searching effective promotional and advertising tools to re-engage existing consumers or to acquire new ones.