درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

The purpose of this study was to investigate the causal relationship between professional Development and organizational maturity with educational productivity of educators (case study of Bushehr Province). In terms of the applied purpose, this research is descriptive in terms of descriptive strategy and in terms of the method of data collection it is a field survey that is carried out. The instrument for measuring this research was a researcher-made questionnaire for organizational maturity (13 items), a researcher-made questionnaire designed for educational productivity of teachers (34 items), and a researcher-made questionnaire developed by professional teachers of teachers (15 items) that were set in the 5-value Likert scale . From the viewpoint of the professors of counsel and counsel, as well as 11 experts, for confirmation of face validity and content of the questionnaires and confirmatory factor analysis, the validity of the questionnaire structure was used and the reliability of the questionnaire was carried out on 30 members of the community of research and calculation Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.81, 0.88 and 0.79 for organizational maturity, professional growth and teacher productivity. The statistical population consisted of all the educators of Bushehr province (N = 511) and the sample size of the study was determined using Morgan table 213 people. Sampling method was cluster random sampling. To analyze the data, at the level of descriptive statistics, frequency and frequency, mean and standard deviation of the frequency table, and the level of inferential statistics, confirmatory factor analysis for verifying the validity of the research questionnaire structure, to determine the normal distribution of variables from the Smirnov colomograph test and, finally, to test the assumptions The final model of the research was drawn from Pearson correlation tests, multiple regression and structural equation modeling using SPSS version 23 and AMOS software. The results of the study showed that between professional growth and educational productivity (r = 0.725) and its components, between organizational maturity and educational productivity (r = 0.431) and its components, and between professional growth and organizational maturity (602 / 0 = r) There is a positive and significant correlation between the education teachers of Bushehr province (Sig = 0.001). Also, educational productivity changes with the use of professional growth components (F = 170 = 879) and organizational maturity components (F = 18.627), as well as organizational maturity changes using professional growth components (24.624) = F) Predictability. The results showed that professional development has a significant positive effect on educational productivity (t = 4/131) and organizational maturity (t = 3/614/3) and organizational maturity on educational productivity (t = 3/38 = 38) in Bushehr province. (Sig = 0/001) and the developed models for these variables had a good fit.

Tourism is one of the largest economic sectors globally. It is a climate sensitive sector, with climate being one of the most important attributes for a destination. In order to know that a region's climate what extent is suitable to the given tourism activities, the tourism climate potential must be determined. This study aims to illustrate observed the tourism climate potential of Lake Urmia Basin during 1988-2012, by using physiologically equivalent temperature (PET), the predicted mean vote (PMV) and standard effective temperature (SET). The RayMan model was used to calculate the indices PET, PMV and SET. The analysis is based on the monthly measured datasets of 8 synoptic stations. Results demonstrate that according to PET and PMV, July and August are the best months for tourists in terms of thermal comfort in Lake Urmia Basin . Also, June and September have Slight cold stress and provide acceptable conditions for tourists. In SET, the thermal perceptions in no month are comfortable . But July and August have Slight cold stress and provide acceptable conditions for tourists.

Integrating application systems based in organizations creates coordination and interaction between people and organizational units and hardware, software, and database infrastructures. This optimal solution integration results in achieving process maturity and creating suitable conditions for making strategic decisions at management levels to improve organizational performance. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a native executive method for integrating organizational application systems at the management level following the characteristics of Iranian government organizations and their execution in a marine organization platform as a case study. V method was used as a methodology in the execution algorithm for integrating organizational application systems. The effectiveness of the proposed method was proved through a case study and its execution in the real world in the framework of a government organization. The executive method explained for the integration of application systems in the field of defense management was implemented as a case study. This method became native to the marine industry and is suitable for use at the management levels of marine organizations. The advantages and achievements of using this executive method in a case study are 1) Improving the flow of data and information, 2) Increasing the ability to interpret data and information, 3) Reducing the costs of implementing, using, developing, and maintaining databases and organizational application systems, 4) Increasing flexibility and productivity of business processes, and 5) Integration and automation of processes is desirable.

The pluricentricity of English language has led to the appearance of new trends in English language education. This is especially important in Expanding Circle (EC) countries to develop intercultural communication among learners. The current study attempted to investigate the views of Iranian Englishteachers towards the relevancy of English as an international language (EIL) to their practice of English language teaching and the influence of teacher education on shaping their attitudes. To this end, a mixed method sequential research design was used to collect data, sing a questionnaire delivered to115 EC teachers who, at the time, were taking an online teacher education workshop held in a Language Institute in Tehran regarding EIL and varieties of English. Subsequently, semi-structured interviews were carried out with 34 teachers who had expressed their agreement to be interviewed. The analysis of the data showed that although the EC teachers had mostly expressed positive perceptions about EIL and varieties of English, their perceptions misaligned with their practices in ELT classes. The mismatch between teachers’ conception of EIL and its relevance to their context of teaching seemed to have undermined their self-confidence in applying this concept to practice. They seemed to have taken it for granted that American English is the sole variety to be practiced in Iran, as it is considered the most desirable target language variety. Implications of the results for educators and policy-makers on bridging the gap between theory and practice in ELT classes are presented.

Physicalists and dualists have failed to provide a convincing answer to the mind-body problem. This is because they, respectively, sacrifice mental causation and neglect the close relationship between the mind and the body. To tackle this, some contemporary philosophers, such as Timothy O’Connor and Jonathan Jacobs, have turned to the concept of strong emergentism. This perspective views the mind as an emergent physical substance with autonomous causal powers. If this standpoint is tenable, it holds promise for resolving the mind-body problem. Nevertheless, the idea of strong emergentism faces substantial challenges. This article aims to achieve two objectives. First, it addresses these challenges and asserts that, even in the face of the most serious concern, “the collapse problem”, a specific interpretation of strong emergentism remains unthreatened. Second, we contend that while O’Connor and Jacobs present a thought-provoking proposal, its clarity is hindered, and a thorough understanding is only possible when we perceive the emergent substance as more than merely physical.