درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Background: Exposure to high altitude causes significant stress in the functioning of cardiovascular and respiratory systems.Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR) and pulmonary volumes during the classic ascent of Damavand 5671 m peak.Materials and Methods: 14 healthy male climbers (age = 23.85±5.93 years, height = 175.5±5.91 cm, weight =71.35±8.20 kg) participated voluntarily in this study. BP, HR and lung volumes were measured in basic (2000 M), BC (3100 m) the first day, C1 (3650 m) the first day, BC (3100 m) the second day after the one-night stopover, C1 (3650 m) the second day, C2 (4100 m) the second day, C2 (4100 M) third day after the one-night stopover, C3 (5000 m) and, peak (5671 m). Data were compared by repeated measures test at the significant level of P≤0.05 and Bonferroni post hoc test.Results: The results of repeated measures analysis were significant for HR, systolic BP, diastolic BP and MVV (P<0.05), but not significant for FVC and FEV1 (P≥0.05). BP was high in the base camp and the first camp and gradually decreased. HR continued to increase significantly with increasing altitude. MVV increased with increasing altitude and is reduced after the one-night stopover in each height.Conclusion: It can be concluded that climbing with classic method increased the HR and decreased systolic and diastolic BP of climbers. It was able to induce adaptation in lung volumes of climbers.

Over time, the use of underground spaces has changed and has been considered for various other purposes. Many US1 built for a specific period with a specific purpose have been left without a specific function today. The reason for this can be considered the lack of a clear and codified plan in the face of these spaces. Therefore, the importance of underground issues related to US jus tifies the inclusion of UUS2 in urban index sys tems. Hence, due to the depletion of activity, many US today have created bubbles lacking function under the skin of cities; with proper identification, it will be possible to use them in the service of cities and citizens. Thus, the main Goals of Current research are -Recognizing the characteris tics of US -The typology of the urban US, and -Solutions to reproduce the urban US. This research is a scientific review, and the information collected is documentary-oriented. The lack of reliable sources in the fields of architecture and civil engineering in the subject of US, geographical extent, and diversity of species of these spaces on the planet show the importance of this research. Therefore, typology and solutions for reproducing urban US are presented from two methods of inves tigating the theoretical foundations and known projects in the field of US. The present s tudy's findings based on the literature review and reproduction of US showed that these spaces could be defined into six categories.

Changes in the structure of the global single-polar system and the transition towards a multi-polar order highlight the new norms of the global order. It is clear that the dominance of the new normative order and the elements of the new structural meaning are primarily considering the decline of US hegemony and its redistribution among new poles. These conditions create more space for the expression of competing cultural ideologies. In such a space, there are ample opportunities for culturally and civilizational rich actors like Iran to emerge. The importance of this issue becomes more apparent when we realize that key players in the new structure, such as China, lack the high capacity to confront Western cultural-hegemonic dominance regarding the absence of modern software. In an era where the main characteristic is "Power Dispersion," some of the material shortcomings of the Islamic Republic of Iran can be remedied to play an effective role in the new era of cultural power vacuum, if attention is paid to its software capacities. Therefore, the main question of this research is formed by examining what software-based priorities for the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran towards the cultural Iran region suggest. In response to this question, with a descriptive-analytical approach by gathering a library of data, highlighting the coordinates of the new global order, and examining the coordinates of the cultural Iran region. The main recommendations of this new situation for the foreign policy of I.R.I in the cultural Iran region are explored. The results indicated that the framework of this software capacity can be explained in three dimensions: culture, values, and foreign policy. This capacity has gained a particular significance in connection with the concept of the Islamic Revolution and the opportunities it has created.

The purpose of this study is a new understanding behaviour and net cash flow forecasting. The data of this research contains the daily trial balance for one year, which has been received from 48 bank branches. For this purpose, the optimal model out of 4 models; Geometric Brownie, Arithmetic Brownie, Vasicek and Modified Square Root at three levels of microscopic, mesoscopic and macroscopic have been investigated and the Geometric Brownie model has been approved as the optimal model in microscopic level . The results show that Geometric Brownian Motion model can simulate the net cash flow highly accurate in accordance with the criteria of mean absolute percentage error. also forecasting net cash flow for each under study time series has been done in various forecasting horizons involved 7, 14, 21, 30, 60, 90 and 180 day time period accordance with the criteria of mean absolute percentage error. Also The other results obtained from this study is that according to 8 different prediction accuracy criteria, By increasing the forecast hori-zon, ability of the GBM model in simulation and forecasting the net cash flow de-creases.