درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

The study of the elemental composition of silver coins minted in the Tabriz during the Qajar period can help to investigate the socio-economic situation of that period. In this case study, Proton- Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) analytical technique has been applied to twenty-eight Qajar silver coins selected from a private collection. the purpose was to study and investigate the changes in silver elements in Qirans of Nasser al-Din Shah Qajar in Tabriz mint. The metallic elements Ag, Cu, Fe, Pb, and Au were observed. The results show that the content of Ag the main constituent of the coins varies from 90.07 to 82.88%. this significant variation in the content of the major constituent reveals the economic difficulties encountered by the dynasty. The results, which are shown by using the PIXE technique, brought to light valuable information about the economy of the period under study.  

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to provide an optimal model for the effectiveness of entrepreneurship education on graduate students in university. Methodology: This research was carried out in a mixed method. The statistical population of this research in the qualitative part included experts in the scientific community and academic experts who had executive backgrounds at decision-making levels and the quantitative part all graduates of the management faculty in the Islamic Azad University of Central Tehran branch, which were a total of 1500 graduate students. Using Cochran's equation, 305 subjects were evaluated. The subjects were randomly introduced from the statistical population and selected as the statistical sample. A researcher-made questionnaire was used for collecting data on a five-point scale containing 42 items. Its face and content validity was confirmed by 10 experts and its reliability in a preliminary test with 30 subjects for all variables studied was obtained above 0.7, which was acceptable. For data analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics of structural equation analysis in Smart PLS software and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test in SPSS software were used. Findings: The findings showed that the cultural, economic, political, social, educational and demographic factors influenced entrepreneurship education. Conclusion: Entrepreneurship education is one of the most important categories in the field of education, which serious attention to it causes the economic, educational and social development of students. Therefore, raising entrepreneurs in the country can be considered as a first step in the development of education.