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Objective: Women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) experience negative emotions. Considering the importance of these emotions and their significant impact on mental health of women with HIV, and also considering the gap of information in this regard, this study aimed to assess the effect of compassion-focused therapy on mindfulness and rumination in women with HIV. Method: This was a quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test phases, and a control group. Sixty women with HIV were selected and randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. The experimental group received nine 90-min sessions of compassion-focused therapy, held once a week. The instruments used included the Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) and the Rumination-Reflection Questionnaire (RRQ). The questionnaires were filled-out by patients in both the experimental and control groups in two stages before and after the intervention. Results: According to the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), compassion-focused therapy significantly increased the mindfulness dimensions (observing, non-judging, non-reactivity to inner experience) in the experimental group, compared with the control group at post-test (P<0.05). No significant difference was observed between the experimental and control groups in terms of rumination-reflection.Conclusion: It appears that compassion-focused therapy would be effective in increasing the mindfulness dimensions in women with HIV.

This article discusses Khaqani Shirvani’s poem Aivan-i Mada’in (The Mada’in Qasida), from the vantage points of literary history and the theory of ruins. The Mada’in Qasida is a product of Khaqani’s “late style” in multiple senses, including the meaning that Edward Said attached to the term when discussing Adorno and Beethoven. While offering a close reading of The Mada’in Qasida, I consider how Khaqani refashioned his poetic persona within a prophetic lineage and set forth the terms of his argument for poetry’s discursive authority. In the case of this poem, Khaqani used his late style to critique the injustice of rulers past and present.

Reading passages act as the locus of comprehensible input in the English language teaching materials and are mostly followed by a host of activities to ensure the learners’ comprehension. The current study aimed to carry out a comparative evaluation of Vision 3 and Learning to Read (i.e., English for Pre-university Students) in terms of the reading sections. To this end, Freeman’s taxonomy of reading comprehension questions was used. To enrich the quantitative data, thirty-two English teachers were also interviewed. The results revealed the prevalence of Language questions in both textbooks. However, the least common types of questions were Affect and Content in the old and new textbook, respectively. The results of Chi-square tests unfolded a significant difference between the two textbooks in terms of three categories of questions. The analysis of the teachers’ responses corroborated the findings of the quantitative phase. The teachers seemed satisfied with the inclusion of more Affect questions in Vision 3; nevertheless, they believed that the new English textbook needed to be revised in terms of the quantity and quality of reading texts and tasks in order to shape and expand the students’ reading comprehension skills. The findings carry pedagogical implications for the materials developers and English teachers.

Given the significance and problematic nature of speaking in EFL instruction as well as lack of orthodoxy of views on acceptance or rejection of language learning transferability, this study proposed an inventive model to teaching thinking via questioning as a way to trigger speaking. It compromises six components, and organizes a rich interactive teaching/learning environment to gauge its usefulness in the development of EFL learners' oral skill as well as its inter-domain transferability effects. To this end, we compared the performance of 60 participants on pre-post-treatment oral narrative tasks over thirteen treatment sessions with a time allocation of 45 minutes for each session: One group with isolated questioning instruction and the other with integrated one. The results of independent samples t-test indicated that instructional treatment assisted the experimental group participants to outperform the control group learners solely in terms of measures of lexical and grammatical complexity. It is also suggested that the merits of questioning intervention transfer to learners' performance on a delayed task in a new social domain. As proposed, implementing the integrated approach of HOQs assisted EFL learners to successfully accomplish demanding oral tasks initially in academic setting and in later delayed novel transcontextual settings.

This article examined the organizational ambidexterity model for digital innovation in the banking industry and explained the dimensions of the ambidexterity model in this organization. Regarding intense competition and rapid changes and variations in products, processes, and technologies in today's world, organizations and managers must be ambidextrous to remain successful over time; Ambidexterity means the ability to simultaneously succeed in two contradictory abilities, for example, ambidexterity such as taking advantage of present opportunities, and discovering and creating new opportunities for the future, adaptation, alignment, flexibility, and efficiency. But the key questions are “what are the dimensions and components of organizational ambiguity?”, and “What is the current and favorable situation of Saderat Bank of Iran in this regard? Orienting an organization as an integrated set in order to reach ambidexterity and sustain it requires a set of causal, contextual, interventional, and strategic factors which ultimately lead to the consequences of organizational ambiguity. This study identified the dimensions and components of organizational ambidexterity through reviewing the literature on organizational ambidexterity as well as interviewing an expert group and analyzing their viewpoints. Then, by distributing a researcher-made questionnaire and statistical analysis, it examined the research pattern in the current and desirable situation of the organization.