درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Purpose: Introduction: One of the most recent problems of the technology era is the use of extreme or addiction to the Internet, which has caused mental and social disorders, especially in young people. The present study aimed to investigate the degree of dependence, recognition of the relationship and the prediction of the mental health of Internet user students based on Dependence on the Internet Method: This research was a descriptive and correlational study. The population included students aged 14 to 18 years old in Baku and Tehran in 2015. The samples were selected by cluster sampling method. 250 students using the internet were selected from Baku and 250 students using the internet were selected from Tehran. To collect data, the Young’s Internet Addiction Test (IAT) and Goldberg’s General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) were used and data analysis was performed at two descriptive (mean, percentage, standard deviation) and inferential levels ((Regression and Pearson). Findings: According to the level of Internet dependency, 43.4% were mild and 24.8% moderate and 23.4% were severe addicts and internet addicts. The level of internet dependency is a positive and significant predictor of general health (R2 = 0.38). Physical health (R2 = 0.32) is anxiety (R2= 0.43) and depression (R2 = 0.39), but between internet dependency and social function is not significant. Conclusion: The level of internet dependency predict mental health components (physical health, anxiety and depression) but is poor in explaining social functioning. There is a positive and significant relationship between the level of Internet dependency and physical health, anxiety and depression of Internet user students.

Article history: Received date: 11 September, 2016 Review date: 12 October 2016 Accepted date:13 November 2016 Printed on line: 5 January 2017 Abstract Purpose: The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effect of cognitive-behavioral therapy on Young's areas of manipulative schema in spouses of veterans with Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Materials & Methods: A quasi-experimental method with per-test and post- test with control group design was conducted. Twenty spouses of veterans with PTSD after the screening were assigned to experimental and control groups. Secondary trauma stress scale was used for screening, and veterans' spouse who have low score in this scale were identified and were randomly assigned to experimental and control group. The early manipulative scheme Scale-Short Form (YSQ-SF), was used for gathering of data. Treatment program was used in 31 sessions for experimental group. Data were analyzed with test of ANCOVA and MANCOVA. Findings: The results showed that the effect of cognitive-behavioral therapy on modifying of early manipulative schema was significant in three areas of Disconnection/ Rejection, over vigilance/Inhibition and Other-Directness. But in the areas of Impaired Autonomy and/or Performance, and Impaired Limits did not change significantly. Discussion: Cognitive-behavioral therapy could significantly change early manipulative schema in spouses of veterans with PTSD