درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Abstract The aim of the present study was investigating the effectiveness of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on neurocognitive performance in people with mild neurocognitive impairment. Using meta-analysis and integrating the research results, this study has specified the extent of the effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on improvement of neurocognitive function in people with mild neurocognitive impairment. Method: For meta-analyses Magiran, SID, and Irandoc databases were used to search Persian articles and Science direct, Scopus, and PubMed databases were used to find foreign articles, using ‘MCI’, ‘transcranial direct current stimulation’, tDCS, and ‘mild cognitive impairment’ key words for foreign articles and their Persian equivalents for Persian articles. Of the 29 studies, 11 that were methodologically acceptable were meta-analyzed. The research tool was a meta-analysis checklist. Results: The results of meta-analysis indicated publication bias in the studies. Due to the heterogeneity of the studies, a random effect model was used. The effect of Hedges for the impact of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on neurocognitive functions in people with mild neurocognitive impairment was 0.26, which is a large effect. Conclusion: This result shows clinicians can choose transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) as effective intervention for patients who suffer from mild cognitive impairments. More investigations are necessary to find the cognitive benefits of using transcranial direct current stimulation in elderly people and other cognitive impaired persons.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of painting therapy in reducing emotional- behavioral problems (internalized problems: anxious - depressed, withdrawn-depressed, somatic complaints, and externalized problems: aggressive behavior and rule-breaking behavior) of Children with cancer. Method: The research design was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest and control group with follow-up. Using targeted sampling, 40children (6 to 12-year-old) with cancer, whose score on the Child Behavior Check List (CBCL) was one standard deviation above average, was selected and randomly divided into two groups of experiment (n = 20) and control (n = 20), but due to the drop in the number of subjects, it decreased to 31 (16 experimental group and 15 control group). The painting program was performed on the experimental group in the form of 8 two-hour sessions. To analyze the data, the mixed variance analysis method was used. Results: The results showed that although the overall score of the internalized and externalized problems was significantly reduced, painting therapy didn’t affect the somatic complaints (of internalized problems) and the rule-breaking behavior (of externalized problems). Conclusions: The results showed that painting therapy can be an effective way to reduce the emotional-behavioral problems of children with cancer. Therefore the findings of this study can have preventive clinical applications.

Objective: Today, work as a social identity plays an important role in success, health, and well-being. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of self-determined motivation with psychological, life, and workplace well-being. Method: The participants of this study consisted of 246 employees of Marun Oil and Gas Producing Company in Khuzestan in 2020, who were selected by stratified random sampling method. The instruments used in the study were Multidimensional Work Motivation Scale (Gagné et al., 2015), and Employee Well-being Scale (Zheng et al., 2015). Canonical correlation and multiple regression analysis through SPSS-24 were used for data analysis. Results: Findings showed that among the three dimensions of self-determined motivation, autonomous motivation with a structural coefficient of 0.94 and among the components of employee well-being, workplace well-being with a structural coefficient of 0.99, had the maximum relationship with the first canonical variable resulting from independent and dependent variables. According to the results of simultaneous regression analysis, autonomous motivation was the most important predictor for psychological well-being (β=0.45, p=0.000), life well-being (β=0.30, p=0.001), and workplace well-being (β=0.45, p=0.000). Amotivation could predict workplace well-being (β= -0.34, p=0.000). However, controlled motivation could not predict any component of employee well-being. Conclusion: Based on the findings, autonomous motivation was the most important predictor of psychological, life, and workplace well-being. Therefore, it is recommended that organizations provide opportunity for development of this type of motivation.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on goal orientation and feeling of inferiority in individuals with physical-motor disabilities. Methods: This study utilized a quasi-experimental methodology. The statistical population consisted of all students with physical-motor disabilities in Kalaleh County (n = 517). Among them, 30 students were selected as a sample using a convenience sampling method. After explaining the purpose of the research and signing the consent form, they were divided into two groups of 15: the experimental and control groups. The experimental group participated in eight ACT training sessions (one 60-minute session per week), while the control group only answered pretest and posttest. For this purpose, Elliot and McGregor's Achievement Goal Orientations Scale (2001) and Eysenck's Feelings of Inferiority Questionnaire (1976) were used. Results and Conclusions: The findings indicated the effect of ACT-based training on mastery-approach goal orientation and feeling of inferiority in students with physical-motor disabilities. Examining the means showed that the mastery-approach goal orientation increased, and the feeling of inferiority decreased after ACT.

abstract Objective: Studies have found that PTSD patients are more likely to experience various physical and mental health problems. This study was conducted to compare emotional deregulation, dissociative experiences and cognitive failures in persons with and without post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). Method: This research was causal–comparative. The sample consisted of 150 persons with and without PTSS (75 in each group) referring to forensic medicine centers of Ardabil city. The subjects were selected via convenient sampling method. Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire-Short Form (CERQ-SF), Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES), Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ), and Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) were utilized for data collection. Results: Multivariate analysis of variance showed that mean scores of emotional deregulation, dissociative experiences, and cognitive failures were significantly higher in persons with PTSS (p < 0.01). Conclusion: The findings indicated that modifying dissociative experiences and cognitive failures, and enhancing emotional regulation skills may help to mitigate posttraumatic stress symptoms.. keyword

Background and Aim: Considering the possible role of psychological factors in the process of cardiovascular disease and also the fact that these factors interact with biological agents to produce effects on cardiovascular disease, the present study aimed at evaluation of the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on mental health, hopefulness and meaningfulness in people with cardiovascular disease. Materials and Methods: The present study was an applied one and was done as pre-test, post-test and control group. The study population included all cardiovascular patients who were referred to Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center between January to March 2017 and had a history of myocardial infarction or open heart surgery in the last month. The study sample consisted of 30 patients with cardiovascular disease who were willing to participate in the study and met the inclusion criteria. The subjects were randomly assigned to the case and control groups (each group consisting of 15 subjects). Data were obtained using Snyder Hope Questionnaire, Meaning-seeking Questionnaire, and General Health Questionnaire and analyzed by repeated measure ANOVA and SPSS software. Results: The results showed that analysis of variance was significant for intragroup factor (time). For the intergroup factor, only significant variables were found for somatic symptoms and social dysfunction and were not significant for the other variables. The results of the present study indicate that time effect alone is significant regardless of group effect. The interaction of group and time was also significant (F = 12.84, df = 2) and its effect was reported 0.50. Conclusions: Overall, the findings of this study showed that acceptance and commitment based therapy is effective on mental health, hope and Meaning-seeking in Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases.

Objective: some recent evidences have been recently achieved on the beneficial effects of mindfulness based on stress reduction on stress reduction and perceived anxiety and thus improve mental disorders caused by stress. Because women-headed households are one of the groups in the society that need to be studied because of the progressive problems they are experiencing as one of the most affected sections of society, the present study attempted to assess the efficacy of mindfulness-based stress reduction on improvement of the decreased perceived stress and symptoms of depression among this group. Methods: This quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest approach and following-up included 400 women aged 25 to 50 years female-headed households covered by Ilam City Relief Committee. The population was randomly divided into control and experimental groups and the preserved stress and depression situations were assessed using the Cohen's Perceived Stress Scale and the Beck Depression Inventory II respectively. Mindfulness-based stress reduction was implemented as an 8-week training program and all subjects were reassessed after intervention completion. Results: The baseline characteristics of study subjects in two groups were similar. The mean preserved stress and depression scores improved both significantly in the experiment group after intervention as well as within the follow-up time, however the pointed changes were not revealed in control group. Conclusion: Mindfulness-based approach to stress reduction had a positive effect on perceived stress and depression symptoms in female-headed households