درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

The number words in the Qur’an are generally considered to have numerical meanings, while other meanings of these words have been reported under some verses (especially the creation verses). There are diverse cultural-ritual symbols of the number words employed by the people living in different geographical regions of the world from ancient centuries to the present. The peresent research aims to conduct a comparative study of the non-numerical meanings of number words and their numbered objects in the Qur’an and different rituals and cultures, using the method of ritual-cultural symbology, in order to discover and analyze the relationship between the literal meanings of Qur’anic numbers and their symbolic meanings. According to the results of this research, it seems that the non-numerical meanings of number words in the verses of Creation are not metaphors, ironies and parables, and they are possibly symbolic. Moreover, there is a close relationship between the ritual-cultural symbology and the literal meanings of numbers and their associations in the Creation Verses, so it can be suggested that there is a kind of language that all people can understand regardless of culture and geography.

The story of the “fall” in Judo-Christian tradition, particularly the Bible , has functioned as a model for many narratives written by Christian poets such as John Milton. Since the Bible has been written by numerous writers and accumulated through centuries, it is obviously not the word of God, but man’s reproduction of it. The story of man’s fall and original sin, therefore, has been narrated from a human perspective, not a divine viewpoint. Thus, the biblical account of Adam and Eve’s fall carries the ideological strains bearing on anthropocentric knowledge and culture. In other words, this narrative bears prejudicial aspects which are transferred to later historical phases, and crystallized particularly in poetic traditions and narratives like Paradise Lost . Although Milton’s poem reproduces the biblical version of the fall by stylizing and modifying it for reasons pertaining to the socio-political context in which it was composed, still the work is informed with the biblical view of the fall. Compared to the fall narrative in the Bible and Paradise Lost , the Quran ’s narrative is not only exempt from any ideological or prejudicial burden, but also renders the event in egalitarian and unbiased terms. Therefore, this essay will explore how Judo-Christian tradition diverges from the divine narrative of the fall by paralleling this tradition to the Islamic one in the Quran as the ultimate and undistorted book of God. Furthermore, the research seeks to show that the semantic divergences in the biblical and Miltonic narratives of the fall signal the essential differences between direct revelation (in the Quran ), modified revelation (in the Bible ) and poetic manipulation of revelation (in Paradise Lost ). As for methodology, Bonn and Paris schools of semantics will be employed to carry out the investigation. This study is significant for it can help both teachers and students to differentiate between Judo-Christian and Islamic traditions while reading Paradise Lost .

برای تبیین هر مفهوم در نظام معنایی قرآن کریم، علاوه بر تمرکز بر با هم آیندهای آن التفات به معنای واژه در زبان های سامی از اهمیت خاصی برخوردار است؛ در این راستا ریشه شناسی تاریخی خودنمایی خواهد کرد. این مطالعه عهده دار تبیین و تدقیق معنای «تزیین» در قرآن کریم با روش های معناشناسی است که تاکنون با رویکرد جامع معناشناسانه به آن پرداخته نشده و جایگاه آن در نظام معنایی قرآن تبیین نشده است. تبار شناسی ریشه «زین» در زبان های سامی، حاکی از کاربست پربسامد تنوع آوایی آن است که سبب تقویت احتمال اشتراک لفظی ناشی از وام واژگی آن می شود. دریافت های ریشه شناسی حاکی از وجود دو مؤلفه اصلی در نیایی این ریشه است؛ نخست زیبایی و شکوه و دوم تمایل و کشش. بررسی باهم آیی ها، با فاعلیت های متنوع، از گستر ه های مادی و معنوی حکایت دارد. از کارکردهای تزیین، برای مؤمنان، اصلاح و برای غیر آنان، وارونگی در درک و فهم، ولایت شیطان، انفکاک از حق، خسران و هلاکت، مغفول ماندن از علل معنوی هستند.