برساخت فرازمینه ای فردیت: تفسیر دختران نوجوان از موفقیت (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
موفقیت مفهوم رایجی در جامعه معاصر، به ویژه برای نوجوانان، است. این پژوهش با هدف واکاوی فهم نوجوانان دختر شهر یزد از موفقیت انجام و از روش داده بنیاد نظام مند برای اجرای آن استفاده شد. زمینه پژوهش، شهر یزد است و با 20 نفر از دانش آموزان دختر پایه های دهم، یازدهم و دوازدهم در بازه سنی 15 تا 18، مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته انجام شد. مشارکت کنندگان با شیوه هدفمند از چهار مدرسه انتخاب شدند. داده ها با شیوه کدگذاری داده بنیاد تحلیل و در قالب 9 مقوله اصلی و یک مقوله مرکزی ارائه شده است. عطش استقلال، زیست مجازی، محوریت پول، احساس محدودیت جنسیتی، تعامل ابزاری، تمایزطلبی، خودارتقابخشی، فشارهای چندگانه و ذهن مهاجر به عنوان مقوله های اصلی و برساخت فرازمینه ای فردیت، به عنوان مقوله مرکزی ساخته شد. براساس یافته ها، دانش آموزان موفقیت را فراتر از زمینه جاری اجتماعی و فرهنگی خود تفسیر می کنند. آنها نگاه فردی و مادی به موفقیت دارند و زمانی خود را موفق می دانند که بتوانند هرچه بیشتر ابراز فردیت کنند و به حداکثر مادیات و پول برسند. آنها از راه خرید و مصرف پول، فردیت خود را نمایش می دهند. نوع تعریف نوجوانان از موفقیت با هویت و تعاملات موجود در بستر جهانی و مجازی گره خورده و نوعی جاکند گی از زمینه را فراهم کرده است.Meta-Contextual Construction of Individuality: Interpretation of Success by Teen Girls
IntroductionSuccess is one of the most recurrent social concepts in contemporary society, especially for teenage girls. All of us wish success for each other. Many media outlets and key speakers in seminars have motivated youth for success. As a result, success and achievement have become pervasive and global goals for generations. Our questions were as follows: What does success mean? How do young girls define success? Where does it come from? And what do they do to be successful? Our aim in this research was to explore and understand the concept of success from the perspective of teenage girls. Materials & MethodsWe used systematic grounded theory to carry out this research. The field of study was Yazd City. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 20 female students in grades 10, 11, and 12, aged between 15 and 18 years. The articipants were purposively selected from 4 schools, representing different socio-cultural areas of the city. The interviews were conducted after obtaining an informed consent at the schools. The interviews started with general questions about the participants' definitions of success. More specific questions were then posed as follows: What do you think are your obstacles to success? And what is your life plan for the future? The interviews were transcribed and analyzed. The data were analyzed using grounded theory coding (Straus & Corbin, 1998) in 3 phases: open, axial, and selective coding. After reading each part of the interviews, an initial concept was assigned (coded). Then, the concepts with the same meanings were clustered into categories and a core category emerged from merging of the main categories. The main categories were illustrated with a paradigm model, including phenomenon, causal conditions, contextual conditions, intervening conditions, action strategies, and consequences. Trustworthiness of the findings and coding process was evaluated through peer checks and member checks. We shared our findings with the participant girls to validate the constructed codes and categories. Discussion of Results & ConclusionThe data were presented in the form of 9 main categories in addition to a core category. The main categories included thirst for independence, virtual life, centrality of money, feeling of gender limitation, instrumental interaction, seeking distinction, self-improvement, multiple pressures, and migrant mind. The meta-contextual construction of individuality emerged as the core category.Thirst for independence: The need for independence was powerful among the participants. Being at a turning point in their maturation and facing individualistic values from the media had increased their need for independence. Our teenage participants wanted to achieve their goals on their own, have a private sphere, and make decisions for their own future.Virtual life: They spent a lot of time on the internet and social media. They met and talked with their friends online. They thought about fame on the web and becoming famous in the cyber world was an important drive for them. Their values and lifestyle were more affected in the virtual space.Centrality of money: Living a rich life and having money was an important value for our teenage participants. They saw money as the main problem-solver in various aspects of life.Feeling of gender limitation: Our female participants compared themselves to boys in different spheres. They believed that girls have more limitations when it comes to achieving success.Instrumental interaction: From the participants' point of view, interaction with other people was seen as a means to achieve success. They evaluated and interacted with people based on how they could help them succeed, especially in terms of material and benefits.Seeking distinction: Many young girls' actions were oriented towards making a difference from others. They wore different clothes, tried to have different forms of entertainment, and presented themselves in a distinctive way to stand out from others.Self-improvement: Achievement and success were the main driving forces for our participants, motivating them to improve themselves through learning new skills and acquiring knowledge. They made efforts to learn foreign languages and develop artificial skills with the aim of enhancing their future job prospects.Multiple pressures: The participants faced various sources of pressure, including family and relatives, school and education, and economic concerns. They also felt the pressure of changing success criteria within their community, which caused them stress as they tried to meet these evolving expectations.Migrant mind: Living in an era of internet and social media, the participants desired to be part of a developed and welfare-oriented society. Their criteria for success were more global in nature rather than being limited to their local context. Although they lived in their home country, they held global ideals.The teenage participants exhibited an individualistic and materialistic view of success. They considered themselves successful when they were able to express their individuality and accumulate material possessions and wealth. They expressed their individuality through shopping and spending money. Their definition of success was detached from their socio-cultural context as it was influenced by their identities and interactions on the global and virtual platforms, leading to a sense of detachment from their immediate surroundings
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