کاوش پدیدارشناختی بر شایستگی های پایه آموزگاران برای تحقق ساحت تربیت اجتماعی و سیاسی (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
هدف پژوهش حاضر، شناسایی شایستگی های پایه آموزگاران برای تحقق ساحت تربیت اجتماعی و سیاسی در سند تحول بود. این پژوهش از نوع کیفی بوده و روش استفاده شده، پدیدارشناختی است. مشارکت کنندگان پژوهش را مدرسان مراکز تربیت معلم، اعضای هیئت علمی گروه علوم اجتماعی، علوم سیاسی و علوم تربیتی دانشگاه های اصفهان و یزد تشکیل دادند. روش نمونه گیری به صورت هدفمند از نوع گلوله برفی است. به گونه ای که 30 نفر تا رسیدن به اشباع داده ها با مصاحبه نیمه ساختار یافته در پژوهش شرکت داده شدند. اعتبار پذیری کدگذاری های انجام شده از روش بازبینی اعضا و بررسی همکار صورت گرفت. یافته های پژوهش نشان داد شایستگی های پایه آموزگاران در تربیت اجتماعی و سیاسی شامل دانش اجتماعی و سیاسی (سواد اجتماعی و سواد سیاسی)، بینش اجتماعی و سیاسی (ارزش ها و تمایل های فردی، ارزش ها و تمایل های جمعی، ارزش های وطنی و فراوطنی) و رفتار اجتماعی و سیاسی (عاملیت فردی، عاملیت جمعی و عاملیت سیاسی) است. بر اساس نتایج پژوهش توصیه می شود، این شایستیگی ها به مثابه راهنمای عمل برای طراحی و برنامه ریزی برنامه های تربیت معلم و آموزش های ضمن خدمت آموزگاران استفاده تا بستر اندیشه و عمل بر اساس سند تحول در میان آموزگاران فراهم شود.Phenomenological Exploration of Teachers’ Basic Competencies for Realization of Social and Political Educations
Introduction One of the most important human issues in all historical periods has been the issue of educating the young generation to enter the society and socialize them. Human is a multidimensional being and all aspects of his existence need to be trained. Therefore, education is one of the essential needs of humans to be on the right path of life. It can provide opportunities for all-round growth. Achieving the goal followed by human creation is possible only in the light of education. For this purpose, God Almighty endowed human with the power of intellect and the tools of knowledge and inspired the prophets with clear reasons and firm rules and laws. He entrusted them with the mission of educating man. In the document of Fundamental Transformation of Education, which is a roadmap for transformation of education for Iran to realize its vision in 1404, and based on the teachings of the Qur'an, upstream documents, such as the 20-Year Vision Document and the comprehensive scientific map of the country, have been prepared and education has been studied as theoretical and practical foundations. One of the six areas of interest in the document related to the country's education system is the social and political fields. Since one of the duties of any educational system is to educate an ideal and desirable citizen, who can pave the way for the development and progress of the society with responsibility and commitment to the political and social norms and values of his community, teachers can undoubtedly pave the way for providing their students' political and social orientations with their morals, opinions, and political and social behaviors in the schools and classes due to being able to directly communicate with their students, while having greater knowledge and insight. During education, the role of a teacher is much more prominent than any other elements of the educational system because students often work in the school under his/her supervision. He/she transmits not only his/her knowledge and information, but also all his/her attributes, temperaments, moral characteristics, and outward behaviors to the students. However, he/she must have the basic competencies to be able to fulfill his/her mission well and provide education in a style accepted by the education system of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the competencies expected from the teachers in the fields of social and political educations. Accordingly, the present study mainly tried to answer the question of what basic competencies teachers should have to be able to provide the ground for realization of social and political educations. Materials and Methods The purpose of this study was to identify teachers’ basic competencies for realization of social and political educations in the Transformation Document. This study was a qualitative research with a phenomenological method. The participants were the teachers of the teacher-training centers and the faculty members of the Department of Social, Political, and Educational Sciences of Isfahan and Yazd universities. The snowball purposive sampling method was applied to include 30 people in the study through semi-structured interviews until data saturation was achieved. The validity of the codings was confirmed by the method of member and peer reviews. Discussion of Results and Conclusion The findings showed that the basic competencies required for the teachers in the fields of social and political educations included social and political knowledge (social and political literacies), social and political insights (values and individual tendencies, values and collective tendencies, and national and transnational values), and social and political behaviors (individual, collective, and political attributes). Based on the research results, it is recommended that these competencies be used as a practical guide for designing teacher-training and in-service training programs for teachers to provide a platform for spreading Islamic patterns of thought and action based on the Teachers’ Transformation Document.
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