درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Razi is not one of those commentators who often go beyond the text and the apparent meaning of the verses of the Qur'an and tend to paraphrase the verses. However, he is forced to paraphrase the five verses of the Qur'an, which explicitly indicate that the duties are limited to the extent of the Qur'an. This rare approach has its causes and reasons. He mentions five reasons in this regard and considers them as a definite verdict on the fulfillment of the task, to an extent beyond the scope of individuals. The subject of current research is to investigate the reason for his tendency to interpret these verses of the Qur'an. The research hypothesis of Razi's theological basis in paraphrasing is the attribution of individuals' actions. According to this interpretation, any internal origin of the action in man is denied and only the act of "acquisition" is sufficient. There are reasons for this mysterious epistemological basis. One of these factors is the interpretation of divine power.

The book "The The Qur’an Misinterpreted, Mistranslated, and Misread: the Aramaic Language of the The Qur’an" was published in 2006 by Gabriel Sawma. The author has claimed that the language of the Qur'an is the Syro-Aramaic, and most of its teachings are derived from Jewish-Christian sources. Among his claims, he alleges that Muslims have misunderstood the verse 116 of Surah al-Baqarah:"And they say Allah has taken to Himself a son Glory be to Him…" (Wa Qālūt takhadhal lāhu Waladāan Subĥānahu). He regards the word ‘اتَّخَذ’ (Has taken) as a distortion of the Syriac «اتَّحدَ» (has united) happened by the Qur'anic scribers.  According to this recitation, the meaning of the verse is "They said that God is united with the Son". This meaning is in accordance with the New Testament doctrine of the incarnation of God through the Son. In this paper, Gabriel Sawma's viewpoint is reviewed and criticized by two intra-religious aspects including the Qur'an and Arabic literature and extra-religious features including linguistic historical-comparative in some branches of Sami languages and interfaith research. The authors conclude that the textual and linguistic evidence prove contrary to the Sawma's claim.

Throughout history, distortion of religious texts and sources has always been the tool of authoritarian rulers and those in power and wealth, who used it to achieve their goals and in order to keep people in ignorance, and this distortion continues to today in human life. Therefore, addressing the issue of distortion of religious texts in the Abrahamic religions (Islam, Judaism, Christianity) is an important issue that shows how authentic these texts are and can be referred to them. Due to this necessity of discussion, in the present study, an attempt was made with a qualitative approach such as Document review and content analysis and given its role in human life, to explain and examine the issue of distortion in the Abrahamic religions, explain the reasons that prove that the Quran is far from distorted. The research findings indicated that distortion in the Holy Quran is not verbal possible; but in terms of spiritual, interpretation and esoteric interpretation of the Quran, like any other text, it is possible; at the same time, the issue of distortion in the Testaments refers to a further issue, given the human manipulation of sacred texts and the type of access to sacred texts. Accordingly, in the Testaments, forgery must be considered, and the issue is raised beyond distortion. The signs is that the original Torah and the Bible were manipulated by humans and throughout human life.