درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Abstract Purpose: This study was conducted to effect of multimedia applications and e-learning on the quality of teaching of faculty members of Islamic Azad University of Mazandaran province. Methodology: The population of the study was all 1532 faculty members of Islamic Azad University of Mazandaran. which 210 persons were randomly selected from by category random sampling method based on Kerjeci &Morgan table. The measurement tool included researcher made questionnaire in two parts of Multimedia programs and e-learning with 38 questions and 40 questions of teaching quality. Face and content validity of the tool was confirmed by experts and its reliability was calculated 0/93 using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Frequency, mean indicators and standard deviation reports were studied to analyze data in descriptive statistics. The central limit theorem and Smirnov & Kolmogorov test with z approximation were used to determine the appropriate statistical methods in the inferential section and parametric methods were used for data analysis. One-sample t-test was used to achieve the objectives of the research in studding the status of indicators and also independent t-test and ANOVA were used in intra group’s comparisons. Because of the researcher made survey instrument, in addition to the calculation of Cronbach’s alpha, exploratory and confirmatory analysis was done based on the defined components. Findings: Pearson correlation test was used to examine the relationship between the study variables, as well as Bivariate linear regression analysis was performed in order to study the sixth question of the research. SPSS 22 software and LISREL 8.5 were used for data analysis. The results showed that: the quality of teaching and its components, and multimedia programs and e-learning and its components in Islamic Azad University units are at a higher level than average. Discussion: And all Pearson correlation values between independent variables of e-learning and its components and multimedia programs and the quality of teaching dependent variables and its dimentions is significant and direction of these relationships is positive.

Purpose: The present article studies the issue of nationality in Iran’s law and then analyze the conflict of nationality and seeks for international solutions. Methodology: The present research is applied in terms of purpose and content analysis method. In the organization of research, the documentary and library methods have been used and the information analysis has been obtained qualitatively and based on the inference of the researcher on the sources and texts. Findings: A positive conflict of nationality laws occurs when a person has two nationalities at the same time, and a negative conflict of nationality happens when no state treats a person as its own national. As a solution to the positive conflict of laws, the Iranian government states that a person who acquires a new nationality without the permission of the government is recognized as Iranian national, and he will be recognized as a foreigner if the request for foreign nationality is accepted. However, they have retained the right to withdraw the nationality of their own state if they have acquired a foreign nationality without the permission of the government. Conclusion: In the context of the negative conflict of nationality, the Iranian governments, under the title of repayment, granted the right to their former national to return to their primary nationality. Regarding the positive conflict of nationality, Iran and the majority of international tribunals consider that the person is a national of the state whose nationality is dominant and effective.

Purpose: The present study aims to identify factors affecting the design of green technical and vocational curriculum and provide a curriculum design pattern for green technical and vocational education of secondary school in Iran and its validation. Green technical and vocational training relies on issues such as environmental pollution reduction and creation of workforce for clean industries, such as the recycling industry. This type of training is based on the new labor market (green economy) that has been created to address the environmental problems of human industrial life in the present age. Method: In order to achieve the research objective, qualitative research method with an approach to grounded theory has been used. Twenty-five individuals have been selected from among all faculty members and experts in the fields of curriculum and environment through targeted sampling. Analysis of data gathered through open interviews has been done using coding. Findings: In the final analysis, the extracted concepts have been classified into 86 sub-categories and 17 themes or categories. Conclusion: According to the research results, the components that directly affect the implementation of green technical and vocational education curriculum of secondary school are identified and a favorable pattern is presented. Based on this, “design of green technical and vocational curriculum,” as the axial category, is realized based on the context of causal factors of “macro environmental policies,” “relationship with the green labor market linked to the green economy through modular principles” and internship standards through the principles of “teacher participation in the design of green curriculum” and “continuous engagement with scientific and research centers” taking into account “learners’ characteristics” and “professional qualifications required for green employment (as the background of the model).” Therefore, it will lead to the realization of “educational and economic consequences”.

Purpose: In participatory approach to second language teaching and learning, students actively engage in their own learning process and collaborate with others (Cobb, 1994; Greeno, 1998) to achieve their goals. Also, collaborative learning has been shown to encourage the growth of student interdependence (Bruffee, 1999), responsibility (Totten, Sills, Digby, & Russ, 1991), interpersonal skills (Rymes, 1997), and cognitive and critical thinking skills (Johnson & Johnson, 1986). Methodology: Adopting a sociocultural perspective, the present study has attempted to explore the attitude of teachers and learners toward the effectiveness of the method. In so doing, 60 Iranian EFL learners from two intact classes participated in the study, in which the learners from the two classes were randomly assigned to one control group and one experimental group. For fourteen sessions, the researcher in the control group class followed her regular teaching practice through the conventional book-based method of conducting an English class. In the experimental group class, however, the researcher adopted the participatory approach tasks and activities, in which she applied various participatory approach-based techniques, activities, role play, and problem solving activities, group work and collaborative tasks in the classroom instruction. Findings: Results of the comparison of the effects of the experimental participatory group and the control conventional group revealed that although the students in both groups improved their scores on the IELTS posttest, there was no statistically significant difference between the experimental group’s overall performance and that of the control group. Conclusion: Results of the interview with the students and teachers also revealed that both the students and the teachers had positive attitudes towards implementing the participatory approach and they were willing to use at least some of the tasks and activities in their future courses.

Purpose: The complexity of drug crimes and the educational problems and the proof of these crimes, due to its harmful effects on society, has led to the adoption of livestock in defense of the community. the perpetrator's personality can be effective in committing a crime, it should be taken into account that trapping will act in the face of an offender who is suffering from mental disorders, since trapping operations may be carried out depending on the person's organization committed with Ease or greed more, in addition, the person committed the crime can facilitate the discussion of the issues and the ways in which it is applied. The main objective of this study is to investigate ethical considerations and the legal status of police trafficking in detecting drug offenses. Methodology: The present research is a descriptive-analytical in terms of the purpose-oriented problem-oriented research, in terms of the method of collecting information in a documentary and library way. Findings: About the role of the police as general judiciary in proving drug crimes show that, among the evidentiary evidence of crime, the police report can be of great importance as a discipline and in line with the judge's knowledge. Conclusion: The results showed that: that in Iranian law the main reason is the lack of livelihoods in the process of discovery of crimes due to contradiction with the constitution and ethical and religious conflicts. Therefore, its admission is limited and limited, and obtaining the necessary permissions Judicial authority is possible