درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

This research has been done with a mixed exploratory method with the aim of identifying the perception and the degree of observance of professional ethics of school principals. The required data were collected using a questionnaire and a semi-structured interview. The statistical population of the study included all secondary school principals in Birjand. In quantitative phase, 75 people were selected as a sample by relative random sampling. 375 people were selected to be surveyed about the level of professional ethics of their managers. Then, based on the analysis of the findings of the quantitative stage of the research, the participants in the qualitative stage of the research (16 people) were selected by purposive sampling. Descriptive and inferential statistical indicators were used to analyze quantitative data and interpretive analysis was used to analyze qualitative data. The results show that from the perspective of teachers, the professional ethics of principal is at a desirable level. Also, the variables of gender and level of education did not make a significant difference in the level of observance of managers' professional ethics. The results of the qualitative phase of the research also represented school principals' perceptions of professional ethics in five main dimensions, including benefit-oriented ethics, person-centered ethics, duty-based ethics, rights-oriented ethics, & justice-oriented ethics. Each of which included several categories. Also, the results obtained from data analysis showed that school principals have a better understanding of task-oriented ethics than other dimensions of professional ethics and benefit-oriented ethics is at a higher level in terms of compliance than other dimensions. But the dimension of justice-oriented ethics was lower than other dimensions in terms of both understanding and observance.

Abstract The present study is a qualitative research with a phenomenological approach that has been conducted to identify the dimensions and components of professional development of primary school principals and to develop its framework. The statistical population of the study was the principals of public primary schools in Tehran in the academic year of 2019-2020. In two stages of sampling, samples were selected by quota and then purposive sampling methods. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. The interview continued until the data exploration and data collection process reached a theoretical saturation point after interviewing 14 people. Data were analyzed by open and axial coding steps. Two methods of verifying the interviewees and verifying an external expert were used to control the validity. Two methods of verifying the interviewees and verifying an external expert were used to control the validity. To determine the reliability, two methods of reviewing the writings and also the method of recoding were used. The agreement was calculated in the coding homogeneity and the agreement coefficient was 86%. Findings showed that the professional development framework for primary school principals has 3 dimensions, 14 components with 117 indicators  Which includes : the content dimension of professional development (with components of general management knowledge, specialized management knowledge, interactive skills, resource management skills, professional skills, personal inclinations, managerial attitude, physical and mental ability and intellectual ability), the dimension of professional development process (with the components of self-development actions and developer relations) and the dimension of organizational requirements (with the components of knowledge acquisition and acquisition of skills, modification of selection and appointment methods of managers, improvement of organizational structure and processes).

هدف پژوهش حاضر ، کشف ادراکات و تجارب زیسته ی معلمان مدارس ابتدایی شهر شیراز از رهبری آموزشی بود . طرح پژوهش کیفی و روش پژوهش پدیدارشناسی بود . مشارکت کنندگان بالقوه پژوهش حاضر معلمان مدارس ابتدایی شهر شیراز بودند ، که با رویکرد نمونه گیری هدفمند با تکنیک معیار ، 23 نفر از معلمان مدارس ابتدایی جهت کشف ادراکات و دیدگاه آنها نسبت به رهبری آموزشی انتخاب شدند . انتخاب مشارکت کنندگان بر مبنای اشباع نظری و ابزار مورد استفاده جهت جمع آوری اطلاعات مصاحبه ی نیمه ساختاریافته بود. برای سنجش اعتبار اولیه داده ها از معیارهای قابل قبول بودن و قابلیت اعتماد بودن داده های کیفی استفاده شد. برای تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات از روش تحلیل مضمون استفاده شد. پس از کدگذاری اطلاعات با استفاده از روش تحلیل مضمون، دوازده مضمون پایه، سه مضمون سازمان دهنده و یک مضمون فراگیراستخراج شد. یافته های پژوهش نشان داد، برخی از مولفه های رهبری آموزشی در مدارس ابتدایی شهر شیراز ویژگی های سازمانی مانند: تأمین امکانات آموزشی، توانمندسازی معلمان، توجه به نیازهای روان شناختی دانش آموزان و ویژگی های آموزشی مانند: پیشرفت تحصیلی، برگزاری اردوها و مراسم ها، همکاری در کلاس داری و ویژگی های شخصیتی مانند: حل مسئله، روابط همراه با احترام، حق طلبی می باشند. یافته های پژوهش حاضر می تواند مقدمه ای برای توجه و شناخت بیشتر درخصوص رهبری آموزشی و بهسازی وضعیت موجود باشد.

The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between learning climate and organizational agility in managers of Marivan Education Department. Regarding the classification of the research based on the method, this study was a descriptive correlational research. The population consisted of all managers (150 people) of Marivan Education Department in 2019-2020. The members of the statistical sample were 106 people. Cochran's formula was used to determine the sample size. This study used a random sampling method. To collect data, Marsick and Watkins's (2003) questionnaire of learning climate quality and Sharifi and Zhang's (2004) organizational agility questionnaire. First, 20 questionnaires with confirmed validity and reliability (Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the learning climate quality questionnaire was 0.73 and for the organizational agility questionnaire 0.86) were distributed, and then 86 questionnaires were distributed and the results were collected. To answer the main hypothesis of the research, the structural equation method and PLS software were used. The results showed that there was a significant and positive relationship between the learning climate and the variables of organizational agility. Also, it was found that the variable of learning climate could predict the changes in the variable of organizational agility and its components. Besides providing the appropriate learning climate for the staff of the organization through education, an increased sense of trust in all organizational levels will increase the organization and staff agility.