درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Aim: The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Relationship Enhancement (MBRE) and Emotion Focused (EFT) therapies on marital satisfaction and intimacy in couples with low self-disclosure. Method: This research was a semi-experimental study with a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design with experimental and control groups. The statistical population of the research included all the couples who referred to the counseling centers of Kermanshah, Iran, in 2022-2023 who had a low level of self-disclosure. 30 couples were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly replaced in two experimental and control groups. The first experimental group underwent MBRE (eight 90-minute couple sessions) and the second experimental group EFT intervention (nine 90-minute couple sessions). The control group did not receive any intervention. The Marital Self-Disclosure (Waring et al. 1998), the short form of the Marital Satisfaction (Favers and Olson, 1993) and the Intimacy (Walker and Thompson, 1983) scales were used for collecting the data. Results: The results of Analysis of Variance with repeated measures (Mixed Model) showed that both interventions increased marital satisfaction and intimacy (p<0.01) and this effect was maintained during the follow-up period. Also, findings indicated that there is a significant difference between MBRE and EFT therapies; MBRE has been more effective in increasing marital satisfaction and intimacy than EFT (p<0.05). Conclusion: MBRE has been more effective than the EFT on solving the marital satisfaction and intimacy due to the involvement of couples in mind-body relationship and mental self-awareness. Therefore, this treatment is suggested to marital counselors.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to predict academic enthusiasm based on social adequacy and parenting styles, considering the mediating role of social support in students. Method: In terms of the purpose of this research, it is of an applied type and in terms of data collection methods, it is of a descriptive correlational type. The statistical population in this research includes all the high school students of the 2nd district of Ardabil. the statistical sample of the research also includes 368 students (172 girls and 196 boys) of high schools in the 2nd district of Ardabil. They are selected by stratified sampling method. Research questionnaires include; The social support questionnaire (Vaux et al., 1986), the 30-question parenting style questionnaire (Baumrinds, 1973), the academic enthusiasm scale (Fredericks et al., 2004) and the social adequacy questionnaire (Fellner et al., 1990) were used, and the validity and reliability have been proven by psychologists and professors in this field. SPSS-16 software, Pearson's correlation method and multiple linear regression analysis were used to check the correlation between variables. Findings: The findings indicate that the mediating role of social support in the relationship between academic enthusiasm and social adequacy and parenting styles of students is positive and significant (P < 0.001). Conclusion: According to the findings, it can be said that social adequacy and parenting styles can predict students' academic enthusiasm due to the presence of social support.

Aim: This study was conducted with the aim of effecting of dialectical behavior therapy in reducing negative perfectionism in perfectionist girls. Method: In this research, a quantitative single-subject test method with an A-B baseline was used. A statistical sample of 3 students aged 16-19 years old, from teenage girls, were selected by a purposive sampling method, through interviews, and Frost's perfectionism questionnaire (1990). Based on 3 baseline plans, the intervention was started. After performing three baseline measures, the intervention phase started with the implementation of dialectical behavior therapy. In the intervention phase, dialectical behavior therapy instruction was held with a preliminary session and 10 weekly one-hour therapy sessions, and skills related to research were taught. Finding: The analysis of the findings using graphical analysis showed that dialectical behavior therapy was effective in reducing the negative perfectionism of perfectionist girls. Conclusion: The results of the research indicated that dialectical behavior therapy is effective in reducing the negative perfectionism of teenagers. Therefore, it is suggested that the dialectical behavior therapy method be used for teenagers.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Imago therapy training on emotional orientation, sexual self-efficacy and sexual intimacy of married women. Methods and Materials: A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control design was used in this study. The study focused on all women in Alborz province, Iran in 2021. Through purposeful sampling, 30 eligible individuals were selected and randomly assigned to either an experimental group or a control group, with 15 women in each group. The experimental group received ten sessions of Imago therapy, while the control group remained on a waiting list. The data collection tools included the Emotional Orientation in Sexual Relations Questionnaire (Aliabadian & Hassanzadeh, 2018), the Sexual Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (Vaziri & Lotfi, 2012), and the Sexual Intimacy Questionnaire (Shahsiah, 2010). Data analysis involved descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS 22, with a significance level of 0.05.Findings: Based on the results achieved, it can be concluded that every factor displayed noteworthy F values (P<0.01). Consequently, the affirmation of imago therapy training's influence on emotional orientation, sexual self-efficacy, and sexual intimacy of married women was confirmed.Conclusion: According to Imago therapy, the subjects in the experimental group demonstrated a considerable impact on their levels of sexual longing, confidence in their sexual abilities, and emotional intimacy. Counselors and clinical psychologists in appropriate centers are advised to incorporate communication imaging training (Imago therapy) as a means of enhancing both sexual self-assurance and emotional connection about women's sexual relationships.

Aim: The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the mediating role of addiction to social networks in the relationship between body image dissatisfaction and depression. Method: The current research was a correlational and structural equation type. The statistical population of the research included all male and female undergraduate, master's and doctoral students of Gilan University who were studying in 1400-1401. 304 people were selected by random sampling method and answered questionnaires of addiction to mobile based social networks (AMQBSN), dissatisfaction with body image (BICI) and depression (BDI-II). Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling with SPSS-27 and SMART-PLS-3 statistical software. Finding: The results of structural equations showed that body dissatisfaction has a direct and significant effect on depression. Also, addiction to social networks has a direct effect on depression. Addiction to social networks plays a mediating role in the relationship between body image dissatisfaction and depression. Result: As a result, the value of the goodness of fit (GOF) is equal to 0/24 which, by comparing it with acceptable values for GOF, shows the average fit of the model. According to the results of the present study, the expansion of the use of social networks, especially among students, has provided a platform for addiction, which increases dissatisfaction with body image, which leads to depression.

Aim: The primary propose of the current study is to propose a model for predicting suicidal ideation based on early maladaptive schemas, with the mediation of interpersonal needs among high school students.Method: Employing a Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach, the research investigated the interplay between early maladaptive schemas and interpersonal needs. The methodology was purposefully, applied research, correlational in its descriptive nature, and rigorously adherent to the SEM design . The study encompassed the entire second-grade high school student population in Qazvin City during the academic year 2022-2023. A stratified multistage cluster sampling method systematically extracted a random sample of 600 students. Data collection utilized three standardized instruments: Beck's Suicidal Ideation Scale (BSSI), Young Schema-Short Form (YSQ-SF), and the Interpersonal Needs (INQ). Robust data analysis employed SPSS 25 and Smart PLS softwareFindings: The results indicated that maladaptive schemas exerted an indirect influence on suicidal ideation, mediated through interpersonal needs. Conversely, no direct effect of maladaptive schemas on suicidal ideation was observed. Maladaptive schemas, however, exhibited a direct association with interpersonal needs, (thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness), both of which demonstrated a direct correlation with suicidal ideation. The model's adequacy was confirmed through goodness-of-fit indices.Conclusion: The theoretical implications of this study significantly contributed to the understanding of the intricate relationships influencing suicidal ideation among high school students. Furthermore, the practical applications of these findings extended to educational organizations and counseling centers, offering valuable insights for the development of targeted interventions aimed at reducing suicide rates in this demographic.

The purpose of this research was to predict love stories based on attachment styles and self-differentiation in students. This was a cross-sectional correlational research. The statistical population of this research consists of students of Rasht university in 2022-2023. 223 people were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method. The Love Stories Scale (Sternberg, 1996), Revised Adult Attachment Scale (Collins & Reid 1990), and Differentiation of self-inventory-short form (Drake, 2011), were used to collect the data. Data were analyzed using SPSS-24 software and multivariate regression analysis method The findings of the study showed that attachment styles and self-differentiation can predict the love as a story of students, and the contribution of self-differentiation components was higher (41.3%). The value of the standardized regression coefficient (Beta) for the reactivity component (β=0.243, P<0.01), my position (β=0.169, P<0.01), emotional fault (P<0.01, β=0.194), and mixing with others (P<0.01, β=0.203). Thus, it was concluded that self-differentiation positively and meaningfully predicts love stories in students. The results of the current research show the importance of the role of self-differentiation and attachment styles in students, which can be effective in designing counseling programs in university counseling centers.

Intersubjectivity has priority over subjectivity because meaning is discussed and constructed in a two-way process that happens in a conversation. According to this, the research aims to show the terms of change for meaning production in psychotherapy with clients. Two cases (a child and an adult) were selected with apparent symptoms of anxiety and fear with the case study method and available sampling. They were treated by the technical integrative method. Conversations were coded by process-focused conversation analysis. Analyzing results by process-focused conversation analysis showed that in both cases, to happen changes in psychotherapy, besides terms of conversation, a particular type of psychotherapy response is essential (Khayyami's cycle), and client change is not explained by the merely particular response of the therapist; but, the therapist can, by the method used in the research, acquire the meaning hidden behind client's verbal response and symptoms on the dialogue process and show Lacani's transcendental signified and signified chain.

Aim: Marriage is a social institution that forms the foundation of relationships and creates family units. The present study was conducted to examine the effect of transactional analysis on marital quality and positive thinking of married women in District 6 of Tehran in 2020. Methods: This quasi-experimental research was conducted with a pretest-posttest design and included a control group. Among the married women in the 6th district of Tehran who had enrolled in the Institute of Transactional Analysis Training, 34 individuals were selected using Purposive sampling, with 17 randomly assigned to the experimental group and 17 to the control group. The marital quality and positive thinking questionnaires were administered to subjects in the experimental group during the pretest phase, followed by implementing the independent variable (transactional analysis) in the experimental group through 9 three-hour sessions. The control group did not receive any training. After the final session, both groups completed the marital quality and positive thinking questionnaires in the post-test phase. The SPSS 19 software was utilized to conduct the covariance analysis test to analyze the data. Results: The value of F indicates the effect of transactional analysis training on marital quality (F=533.862; P=0.017), and positive thinking (F=14.67; P=0.001) demonstrates the impact of transactional analysis training on positive thinking and marital quality is confirmed after controlling for pretest effects and nuisance variables. Conclusion:This study reveals that transactional analysis impacts marital quality and positive thinking of married women. One of the most crucial functions of training is the ability to express one's needs to the spouse, leading to improvement in marital quality, specifically by reducing stress and anger. Additionally, by helping individuals identify and manage their emotions, transactional analysis training can help control negative emotions and improve their overall outlook, increasing positive thinking. This positive thinking, achieved through transactional analysis training, can improve individuals' mental and emotional well-being and reconstruct their damaged spirits.