درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

The unique geographical location and diversity of natural phenomena have led Iran to be recognized as the fifth country with a natural diversity in the world. However, despite the abundance of natural attraction, Iran’s ecotourism is faced with obstacles and challenges for attracting tourists. Among the various kinds of natural attractions, wetlands and preserved areas have a high potential for sustainable tourism development that can provide investment opportunities for public and private sector managers in tourism development and research programs. In this paper, attempts have been made to explore sustainable tourism development potential by identifying the ecosystem potentials of the Anzali Wetland, especially the presence of native and migratory birds in this area. The research uses a descriptive-analytical method that is based on library documents, the Internet websites, and a questionnaire. The SWOT model was used to analyze the hypotheses. It seems that the Anzali Wetland has the potential to attract tourists who come to visit migrating and local birds in most seasons. So, with proper planning and using the experience of developed countries, such as the Kushiro Wetland in Japan, we can develop ecotourism and also, we can make it a matter of culture to monitor and protect the environment as a shelter for local and migrating birds.

Nowadays, governments pay a special attention to tourism industry and with special measures and policies, they attempt to develop and expand it, as this industry both brings foreign currency and positively effects  on the economic growth and economic boom. In our country, however there was much less attention to the cities and villages which attracted millions of visitors and their role and position in tourism are rarely addressed. In fact, the role of tourism is neglected and or it is less utilized in planning, especially in urban and rural planning. This is while tourism is the most extensive service industry which, not in the far future and faster than before, is capacitated to emerge for increasing the level of public culture, making peace, dialogue of civilizations, understanding, friendship and amity in an international level  as a pioneer of or equal to other industries, including oil industry. The Islamic Iran, with all the historical, religious and natural monuments has considerable capabilities which should be thoughtfully utilized in the best way. Although Iran has hosted about 3,200,000 foreign tourists in 2011 and then has hosted 5,250,000 foreign tourists in 2016, however, we are still at the beginning of the road for development of this industry. Kashan city also has many precious sites of cultural heritage, which are unique in Iranian cities and in the world and in terms of tourism, especially religious, pilgrimage and historical tourism and considering  its ancient urban fabric, has the potential to attract many tourists from Iran and around the world, in a way that this city hosted 369,446 domestic tourists and 5,010 foreign tourists in the Nowouz  of 2017.  On the other hand 221,739 people of the total tourists during that period have visited Kashan’s Fin garden, of which 219,930 of them were domestic tourists and 1,809 of them were foreign tourists. Therefore, concerned authorities should apply necessary and essential approaches, so that this efficient and profitable industry provides the grounds for job creation especially for youths and bring sustainable tourism development for the ancient city of Kashan and to set high prospects for the future of this city.