درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Simultaneously with the Islamic Revolution victory, the Iranian people, by denying the previous value system, sought the Islamic culture themes as the new social capital of the country and its expansion from personality systems to various structures of society. The richness of this capital will give the community additional soft power that its importance is equal to hard power. The present study aimed to explain social capital and its impact on soft power and evaluate the country's situation during the holy defense to use social capital resources as a powerful defense against enemies. The descriptive method uses a documentary (library) study on the indicators of productive resources and conservation elements and dissemination of social capital. It then collected data and comparative evaluation of these indicators' status in the holy defense. The mechanism of social capital's impact on the soft power amount depends on the resources such as education and science, religion and ideology, civic institutions, and the media. After the Islamic Revolution, the data show their quantitative and qualitative growth to promote soft power during the holy defense. The results indicated that after the Islamic Revolution, despite the significant dependence on software and hardware resources of Western countries, Iranian society, by using the factor of religious ideological’s beliefs to promote its power against foreigners in the holy defense to gain a lot. These beliefs enlightened the people and fought against the corruption of the Pahlavi regime. It used from its progressive basis to respect science and education, religious value resources, and cooperation of the ummah to reform society and spread it, use the best communication methods, and convey meanings to people.

Nowadays, information-making is growing rapidly due to the developments in technology; thus, it is critical to maintain information and establish integrated systems for storage and office automation in any organization; thereby, the establishment of datacenters has become a requirement for them. Despite offering models related to some parts of the data centers, there are still ambiguities in identifying the influential and key variables. This study aimed at offering a dynamic model for the parts related to the attractiveness of data center services by using Vensim software. Five reinforcing loops and seven balancing loops were extracted through studying the review of literature; then, the relevant stock and flow variables have been defined. Afterwards, the model is presented in the form of cause and effect model and the stock-flow model. Also, various scenarios have been studied, including increasing the training capacity and attractiveness, imposing an overload on the network and switch failure, upgrading the bandwidth carrying capacity, reducing the maximum maintenance. According to the results and sensitivity analysis done in this research, it can be said that the attractiveness of services, the acquired skills, and the maximum feasible maintenance along with the bandwidth carrying capacity, storage, and processing power of the data centers is so vital in determining the performance level of data centers and the attractiveness of services.

Following the terrorist attacks of 9/11, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) was faced with the issue of maritime security against terrorist incidents. Accordingly, it adopted the International Ship and Port Facility Security Code (ISPS Code) in December 2002 as part of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS 1974- as amended) in order to increase maritime security through fulfilling its regulations by Contracting Governments. This Code, entered into force on 1 July 2004, provides a set of regulations for ship and port facility security. The first part of this paper focuses on the introduction and analysis of the key regulations of the ISPS Code. The second part of this paper focuses on the successful practices of two Contracting Governments, namely Malaysia and South Korea. Accordingly, this paper evaluates the enforcement of the regulations of the ISPS Code by concentrating on these two countries in East Asia in order to measure the effectiveness of the Code in enhancing maritime security of these two countries. This paper concludes that to achieve the objectives of the ISPS Code, all Contracting Countries should fully implement its regulations and for achieving a higher standards in maintaining maritime security they are advised to take advantage of the experiences and practices of such successful countries as Malaysia and South Korea in fulfilling the regulations of the ISPS Code. The research method applied in this paper is based on the descriptive - analytical method.

The application of zone of proximal development (ZPD), as a major tenet of Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory (SCT, 1978), has recently been invited in the L2 learning/teaching profession. This study mainly examined whether Iranian EFL learners’ interactions in diverse ZPD-activated proximal contexts through the use of storytelling instruction could improve their oral (speaking) proficiency and attitudes towards speaking in ZPD-based learning context. A pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design was used with 60 intermediate EFL participants selected from Asre-no English Language Institute in Iran, after administering the OQPT. Then, the participants were assigned into 2 experimental groups (ZPD-activated equal and unequal groups), and 1 control group, with 20 participants in each group. The students in both experimental groups were exposed to the storytelling-based instruction within different ZPD-activated proximal contexts (equal and unequal), but in the control group the traditional teacher-fronted instruction within a non-ZPD context was conducted. A semistructured interview and a questionnaire were used to assess the participants’ speaking proficiency and attitudes before and after the instruction. The findings from the analysis of covariance and t test suggested that using storytelling instruction within ZPD-activated contexts significantly improved both the participants’ speaking proficiency and their attitudes. Further data analysis of the ZPD participants’ performance indicated that no significant difference between the learners’ speaking proficiency development of equal and unequal peer groups was found. By implication, ZPD-based pair work and storytelling-based instruction, interwoven with each other in a balanced manner, would be highly fruitful in developing EFL learners’ speaking skill and their attitudes.

The aims of this s tudy is to analyse the planning and design process, basic principles and the change-transformation process of the apartment type residential buildings in Turkey, Gaziantep city based on his torical background. The scope of the research consis ts of residential buildings built in the city of Gaziantep, which were built in the pos t-Republican period. In addition, s tate-building maps, zoning-city plans and plan disclosure reports, photographs and other materials are among the other materials. In this research, a method based on the spatial usage of the apartment buildings cons tructed in Gaziantep and the changes in the housing plan schemes and the spatial usage of these buildings and the changes in the housing plan schemes were followed. These changes are evaluated from the analysis of a series of variables ranging from parcel level to plan schemes, access graphs to spatial size and ratios. As a result of the s tudy, it was seen that the access graph and space sizes of the apartment-type residential buildings in the city of Gaziantep, which dates back to the 1960s, have changed. However, differences and variations are observed in the firs t plan typologies and it is noteworthy that this diversity is reduced and similar plan schemes are widely used.