درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

This article analyses the evolution of the Islamist political associations and groups, both Shiites and Sunnis since the independence of Kuwait in 1962 to the last legislative elections which was held in 2016. It tries to assess the roles which the Islamist groups played in a relatively open political environment established by the constitution and the popular support these groups obtained along the interrupted electoral history in which the country witnessed. It also assesses the transformations which the Sunni Islamist groups suffered from the institutionalized opposition role they played until the Arab Spring events to the more informal opposition style since then. The article concludes by stating that this transformation negatively affected the popular support granted to the Islamists and hindered their influence in the policy making process in Kuwait, losing the opportunity that the Arab Spring uprisings provided for them.  

Information flow is a key parameter in an economic activity and acts as the main factor in the appearance, stability and efficiency of capital markets. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of comparability and environmental uncertainty on the expected rate of return in oil, gas and petrochemical firms. The current study applies panel regression method estimator to investigate the relationship between comparability, environmental uncertainty, and the expected rate of return of 500 firm-year observations in oil, gas and petrochemical firms listed in Iran Securities and Stock exchanges for the period of 2009-2018. The results of the research show that the comparability and uncertainty has a significant effect on the expected rate of return. In other words, the results of the research show that the expected rate of return is a function of comparability and it varies in different levels of comparability. Key words: Comparability, Expected rate of return, Uncertainty

Energy Justice and Sustainable Development Goals: The Case of Common Gas Field Projects of Iran and Qatar Abstract The issue of exploiting shared resources appears a major controversy i.e. each country try to get more out of common field. Energy justice, as a new concept, seeks to apply the principles of justice in the production and exploitation, distribution and use of energy. This study tries to assess the extent to which Iran-Qatar common field is being exploited within the framework of the three tenets of energy justice. This study intends to identify energy justice in terms of having sustainable development indicators in common gas field of Iran and Qatar. We use the concept of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially from Goals that are related to the concept of energy justice to assess the realization of energy justice. The assessment of the tenets of distributional, procedural and recognition justice shows that energy justice is not pursued in joint exploitation of Iran and Qatar

Purpose: the purpose of the current study was to produce a Model for the Effectiveness of Organizational Excellence and Agility in Urban Management on Physical, Social and Cultural Dimensions of Tehran Khak sefid area: Methodology: The method of the current study was applied in terms of purpose and in terms of data analysis was mixed research that is both qualitative and quantitative and is a descriptive survey in terms of method. The population consisted of 632 employees of Tehran's 4th district municipality, out of which 240 were selected according to Krejcie and Morgan table by simple stratified random sampling. The research instrument consisted of three researcher-made questionnaires including Urban Management Excellence Questionnaire consisting of 32 items, Agility Questionnaire on Urban Management comprising 41 items, and Physical and Social and Cultural Status Assessment Questionnaire of White Land including 27 items. For their reliability after a pilot run among 40 statistical samples by Cronbach's alpha, the reliability value of 0.802 for urban management excellence questionnaire, 0.816 reliability for urban management agility questionnaire, and 0.849 for reliability. Questionnaire was obtained and data were collected on physical, social and cultural status of Khak sefid area. Finding: Data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially. The results of data analysis showed that factors (value added in the workplace, correct leadership in the workplace, process management in the workplace, and nurturing creativity in the workplace) influence the management of urban management. Besides, factors (accountability, continuous staff growth and learning, competence in office, flexibility in the workplace, and speed in doing things) have an impact on the effectiveness of urban management agility. Finally, this model includes the components of accountability, growth, and Learning, Competence, Flexibility, Speed ​​of Action, Value Added, Proper Leadership, Process Management and Peru Rash is creativity and has a degree of fit of 0. 937.Discussion: The Effectiveness of organizational Excellence is a multi-dimensional issue and complicated that will be discussed.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a structural model of psychological well-being based on fear of negative evaluation mediating feelings of loneliness in adolescent girls with psychosocial problems. Methodology: The present study was applied in terms of purpose and in terms of quantitative method and survey-correlation method. The statistical population consisted of female adolescent students with mental health problems who were studying in the second grade of secondary education in Mashhad Nursing School District 2 in the academic year of 2017-18. The method was multistage cluster sampling, so that a list of all secondary schools for girls in the second district of Mashhad was composed of 24 schools that were classified as 4 schools per cluster with respect to government and nonprofit and number of students. One cluster was randomly selected and at the second stage of each school and at each grade level, a total of 3 classes from each school were selected and the students were given questionnaires. The tools of the present study were Psychosocial Well-being Scales (Ryff, 1980), Fear of Negative Evaluation (Leary, 1983), and Dehshiri et al., 2008), Psychosomatic Complaints (Takata & Sakata, 2004). In the present study, SPSS software version 24 and SmartPLS2 software were used. Findings: The results showed that fear of negative evaluation with sense of loneliness had a positive relationship with psychological well-being and negative relationship with fear of negative evaluation with psychological well-being, according to GOF value of 0.595 indicating strong fit of model. It had a lot of research; it had some mediating effect. Conclusion: In order to improve the psychological well-being of adolescent female students, the present study demonstrates the importance of self-expression planning and training and communication skills to reduce feelings of loneliness and screening of students with negative evaluation to provide appropriate psychological treatment for this group of adolescents. Reminds students of education.