درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Objective: The current research was conducted with the aim of studying and investigating the role of tests and tools in the accurate diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders. Methods: A total of 83 children (56 boys and 27 girls) diagnosed with autism or one of the comorbid diagnoses were selected and underwent the GARS-3 scale and the Psycho-Educational Profile Revised (PEP-3) diagnostic test. Additionally, parents were asked to complete a checklist provided by the researcher. The age range of the individuals with autism was between 2 and 7 years, with an average age of 6.5 years. Findings: The results of the statistical analyses of the data from this study indicated a significant role of diagnosis tools. Conclusion: So, the proper and timely use of diagnostic tests plays a significant role in the accurate diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders and also in determining the severity of these disorders.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of emotion-focused therapy on self-efficacy and posttraumatic growth in women with breast cancer. Methods: This quasi-experimental study (pre-test - post-test with control group) involved 30 women with breast cancer in Sari (2021) who were selected through purposive sampling and randomly assigned into two groups of 15 participants each, an experimental group and a control group. The measurement instruments used were the General Self-Efficacy Scale by Schwarzer and Jerusalem (1979) and the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory by Tedeschi and Calhoun (1996), completed by the participants. Subsequently, participants in the experimental group attended 10 sessions of 60-minute emotion-focused therapy over a period of ten weeks. However, no therapy sessions were conducted for the control group. Ultimately, data analysis was performed using the covariance analysis method. Findings: The analysis revealed that after the intervention, there was a significant difference between the control and experimental groups in both variables of self-efficacy and posttraumatic growth (p ≤ .05). Significant differences were observed in the components of self-efficacy (general self-preparedness and social self-efficacy) and three components of posttraumatic growth (relating to others, personal strength, and appreciation of life) between the women in the experimental and control groups (p ≤ .05); however, no significant differences were observed in the components of new possibilities and spiritual change. Conclusion: The use of emotion-focused therapy is an appropriate intervention to enhance self-efficacy and posttraumatic growth in women with breast cancer, which can be beneficial for improving psychological well-being and better coping with the disease and treatment.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of integrated behavioral couple therapy and schema-focused couple therapy on conflict resolution styles among conflicting couples in Shiraz. Methods: The research employed a quasi-experimental design with pre-test, post-test, and one-month follow-up. The statistical population included all conflicting couples who visited the Fajr Counseling Center in Shiraz in 2022, from whom 45 couples were selected through convenience sampling and randomly assigned to three groups: integrated behavioral couple therapy, schema-focused couple therapy, and a control group. The Rahim Conflict Resolution Styles Questionnaire was used as the measurement tool. Experimental group one underwent a 16-session program of integrated behavioral couple therapy, and experimental group two a 13-session program of schema-focused couple therapy, while the control group was placed on a waiting list. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance. Findings: Results indicated that both interventions, integrated behavioral couple therapy and schema-focused couple therapy, were effective in addressing conflict resolution styles. There was a difference in the effectiveness of integrated behavioral couple therapy and schema-focused couple therapy on conflict resolution styles. Conclusion: Based on the findings, both treatments are effective for couples' conflict resolution styles, but the effectiveness of integrated behavioral couple therapy is reported to be more effective.

در دهه های اخیر، رفتارهای غیراخلاقی مانند تقلب و بی صداقتی تحصیلی در میان دانشجویان، شایع شده است؛ به طوری که می توان آن را یک پدیده ی اجتماعی دانست. هدف اصلی پژوهش حاضر، شناسایی نقش واسطه ای انگیزش اخلاقی در رابطه بین هویت اخلاقی و بی صداقتی تحصیلی دانشجویان بود. روش این پژوهش توصیفی پیمایشی از نوع همبستگی و از منظر هدف کاربردی بود. جامعه آماری این پژوهش، شامل تمامی دانشجویان دانشگاه یاسوج در سال تحصیلی ۱۴۰۰-۱۴۰۱ بود. با توجه به هدف پژوهش از این جامعه تعداد ۴۰۰ نفر دانشجو به شیوه نمونه گیری خوشه ای چند مرحله ای انتخاب و به پرسشنامه های بی صداقتی تحصیلی مک کابی و تروینو(۱۹۹۶)، هویت اخلاقی آکینو و رید(۲۰۰۲) و انگیزش اخلاقی انگیزش اخلاقی یانوف بولمن و کارنس(۲۰۱۶) پاسخ دادند. تجزیه و تحلیل داده های پژوهش، از طریق روش تحلیل مسیر با استفاده از نرم افزار ایموس انجام شده است. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد نقش واسطه ای انگیزش اخلاقی در رابطه بین هویت اخلاقی و بی صداقتی تحصیلی معنادار بود. همچنین هویت اخلاقی با بی صداقتی تحصیلی رابطه منفی معنادار، انگیزش اخلاقی با بی صداقتی تحصیلی رابطه منفی معنادار و هویت اخلاقی با انگیزش اخلاقی رابطه مثبت معنادار دارد. نتیجه اینکه هویت اخلاقی هم به صورت مستقیم و هم با واسطه انگیزش اخلاقی با رفتارهای بی صداقتی تحصیلی دانشجویان رابطه دارد، لذا برای افزایش انگیزش اخلاقی و همچنین کاهش بی صداقتی تحصیلی آنها، توجه به افزایش هویت اخلاقی دانشجویان، می تواند مفید و موثر باشد.