درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Purpose: Functional Movement Screening Test (FMS) is a tool that has the ability to determine a person's potential for the possibility of suffering from musculoskeletal abnormalities and sports injuries. FMS tests include seven functional movement tests that evaluate trunk, central strength and stability, neuromuscular coordination, asymmetry in movement, and flexibility. The purpose of this research was to determine the norm of the functional motor screening test in the male handball players of the Sepahan club in Isfahan. Method: The method of collecting information is cross-sectional and in terms of practical purpose. For this purpose, 30 male students aged 14-16 from Sepahan Handball Club of Isfahan were evaluated by performing 7 FMS tests. Findings: The norm of FMS test in 14-year-old students was 14.39±1.66, in 15-year-old students it was 15.85±1.47, and in 16-year-old students it was 15.29±1.21. Therefore, it can be stated that the FMS scores in these people are in a better condition compared to related studies in this age group. Also, the test scores separately showed that 75% of this population does not have enough stability in the central part of the body. Discussion and conclusion: In many sports activities, the movements of the upper and lower limbs need to have sufficient stability in the central area, if there is no stability in this area, energy transfer does not take place well. Since this age group is at the beginning of official sports competitions and considering that the clinical usefulness of FMS is limited by the lack of Norm index in Iran, sports medicine specialists and sports team coaches can evaluate the value of Norm scores to diagnose and identify people. at the risk of physical deformity and injury at different ages and plan bodybuilding and corrective exercises based on it

Background: Expression of mucosal levels would affect the function of internal organs of the body and the digestive system, such as by creating a blockage for the progression of cancerous tumors and the failure of the target tissue, especially the large intestine. Aim : The purpose of this sudy was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of quercetin supplementation and intermittent exercise on protein levels of intestinal Muc5Ac, Muc4 and polyphosphate in rats with colon cancer. Material and Methods: Tewenty-four rats were randomly assigned into four groups including quercetin (n=6), exercise (n=6), quercetin + exercise (n=6) and control group (n=6). Colon cancer induction was provided with the use of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine for 8 weeks and daily quercetin supplementation of 50 mg/kg body weight of mice by Gavagene method. Exercise protocol was performed 5 sessions per week with intensity of 60-70%, maximum speed of 23 m/min with 2-min rest in 8 weeks. ANOVA was used to analyze data. The level of significance was set at P <0.05. Results: It was suggested that there was a significant difference in protein levels of intestinal Muc5Ac, Muc4 and polyphosphate in all groups ( P <0.05). Furthermore, it was also indicated that Muc5Ac levels was significantly higher in the quercetin+ exercise group other than pther groups ( P <0.05). Conclusions: It was concluded that intermittent exercise and quercetin supplementation would increase the levels of Muc5Ac and Muc4 proteins in the large intestine of mice with colon cancer.  

Background: Researchers have studied practical applications of high-intensity interval training and hypoxic training. PGC-1α, IGF-I, and HIF-1α are generated from high-intensity interval training and affect muscle cells. Altitude training also produces HIF-1α, which induces erythropoietin and increases the number of red blood cells. However, due to the limit on training intensity and cycle, it was replaced by normobaric hypoxia training. Purpose: To investigate the effects of 2-day high-intensity interval training on muscular anaerobic metabolism at varying oxygen concentrations for 2 days. Method: Ten subjects performed 2 consecutive days of intermittent hypoxia-hyperoxic training (IHHT); intensity of training was determined by the sprint test results. IHHT comprised 4 sets of 3 repetitions for 40 seconds (4 × 3 × 40 s); the intensity and oxygen concentration were 80% of maximal effort and 13% oxygen for the first and third sets, and were 90% of maximal effort and 21% oxygen for the second and fourth set; participants walked for 3 min wearing an oxygen mask (O2 80%) before each set. Differences in biological parameters between the two days of training was analyzed by t-test. Results: The difference of mean lactate levels between two days were 0.96 ± 0.75 mmol/l at Set 3 (P = .003) and 1.05 ± 1.12 mmol/l at Set 4 (P = .016), respectively. Mean ammonia concentrations at Set 4 were 117.70 ± 29.8 μmol/l for the first day and 94.50 ± 14.45 μmol/l for the second day (P = .057). The difference of heart rate were 4.20 ± 5.05 min-1 at Set 1 (P = .027) and 4.00 ± 5.48 min-1 at Set 2 (P = .046). Conclusions: Two-day intermittent hypoxia-hyperoxic training affected lactate and heart rate.

Purpose: Type 2 diabetes is one of the most important metabolic disorders that different societies are facing with increasing prevalence. Aerobic exercises are a common type of exercise that reduces the levels of triglycerides and low-density lipoproteins and regulates blood pressure. The purpose of the research is to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of aerobic exercise on fasting glucose and several serum indicators of cardiovascular disease, in women with type 2 diabetes. Methods: In 2023, 20 women who referred to the Hamadan Diabetes Association voluntarily participated as subjects in this research and were randomly assigned to aerobic (10 people) and control (10 people) groups. The exercise program of the aerobic group included 3 running sessions per week with an intensity of 60-70% of the maximum heart rate for 12 weeks. In order to measure fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and lipid profile [low-density lipoprotein (LDL-c), triglycerides (TG), High-density lipoprotein (HDL-c)], blood sampling was done before and after 12 weeks of exercise program. SPSS software and Kologrov Smirnov and Student's t test were used to check and analyze the data. Results: The results indicated that after 12 weeks of aerobic exercise, HbA1c (P=0/027), LDL-c (P=0/012) and fasting blood glucose (P=0/043) decreased significantly in the aerobic group. But no significant changes were observed in HDL-c and BMI. Conclusion: The results of this research showed that performing aerobic exercises leads to a decrease in HbA1c, fasting blood glucose and improvement in lipid profile, so it can probably be a useful way of treatment and prevention of cardiovascular diseases in type 2 diabetic patients.