درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

هدف تحقیق حاضر، طراحی الگوی درسی سبک زندگی سلامت - محور برای دانش آموزان دوره متوسطه اول بود. روش پژوهش، کیفی و با رویکرد داده بنیاد بود. بدین منظور 16 نفر از متخصصان پزشکی کودک و نوجوان علوم تربیتی به روش نمونه گیری هدفمند انتخاب شدند و با استفاده از روش مصاحبه مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. نتایج کدگذاری و تحلیل داده ها منجر به شناسایی مقوله ها و زیر مقوله های پژوهش شد. همچنین این پژوهش نیز به صورت هدفدار از اسناد و مدارکی استفاده شد که با موضوع مرتبط هستند که تعداد اسناد مورد بررسی 15 مورد می باشد. در ایﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧیﺰ ﻣﻼک ﭘﺎیﺎن ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔیﺮی اﺷﺒﺎع ﻧﻈﺮی ﺑﻮد. بر اساس یافته ها، مدل مفهومی پژوهش، توسط داده های تجربی در بخش کیفی حمایت شد. همچنین، نتایج ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﺗﺤﻠیﻞ و کﺪﮔﺬاری ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﺎرکﺖ کﻨﻨﺪکﺎن ﺑﻪ اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج 22 مقوله، 38 زیرمقوله و 121 مفهوم ﻣﻨﺘﻬی ﺷﺪ. پس از بررسی اسناد و انجام مصاحبه ها، این موارد تحلیل محتوا شد تا مولفه ها استخراج شوند. ایﻦ تحلیل ﻫﺎ ﺑیﺎن ﮔﺮ طراحی و اعتبار یابی الگوی برنامه درسی در ﺳﺒک زﻧﺪﮔی ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻣﺤﻮر برای دانش آموزان دوره متوسطه اول ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. در نتیجه عوامل درسی می توانند سبک زندگی سلامت - محور را تحت تاثیر قرار دهند. بنابراین آموزش و ارتقای این عوامل در دانش آموزان می تواند تا حدودی سبک زندگی آن ها را تحت تاثیر قرار دهد. همچنین، انجام پژوهش برای بررسی نقش آموزش این عوامل به دانش آموزان در تغییر سبک زندگی سلامت - محور آ ن ها، کاربردی خواهد بود.

 این پژوهش با هدف شناسایی ابعاد پرورش مدیران مدارس با استفاده از رویکرد آمیخته و ارائه مدل مطلوب اجرا شد. روش پژوهش به لحاظ ماهیت داده از نوع آمیخته (کیّفی و کمّی) و به لحاظ هدف از نوع کاربردی و توسعه ای بود. مشارکت کنندگان بخش کیّفی را اساتید و متخصصان مدیریت آموزشی پس از اشباع نظری به تعداد 20 نفر تشکیل داد که به صورت نمونه گیری هدفمند انتخاب شدند و جامعه آماری بخش کمّی 5404 نفر از مدیران مدارس آموزش و پرورش استان لرستان بودند که بر اساس فرمول نمونه گیری کوکران تعداد 360 نفر به صورت تصادفی خوشه ای از هر ناحیه آموزش و پرورش انتخاب شدند. گردآوری اطلاعات در بخش کیّفی به صورت مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته و در بخش کمّی از طریق پرسش نامه محقق ساخته بود که روایی آن با روش های تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی و پایایی آن از طریق روش باز آزمون برای کل پرسشنامه 795/0 به دست آمد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده های کیّفی با استفاده از روش اشتراس و کوربین و تجزیه و تحلیل داده های کمّی با استفاده از نرم افزار AMOS انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که از بین 17 مقوله شناسایی شده، 5 مقوله از مدل حذف شد و مدل نهایی با 12 مقوله تخمین زده و تأیید شد.

In order to increase the efficiency and productivity of employees and organizations industrial and organizational psychologists have identified and examined the important psychological structures affecting the effectiveness of organizations and to achieve this goal the variables of job enthusiasm, authentic leadership and scientific optimism have always been considered.The purpose of this study is to investigate the mediator role of the scientific optimism in relationship between authentic leadership andteachers' job engagement. The study is an applied descriptive correlational one in which he statistical population consisted of all English language teachers in the city of Sanandaj from among which 190 individuals were selected as samples based on Morgan Table and using a random stratified method. They responded to three questionnaires of authentic leadership, academic optimism, and job engagement. The results were analyzed using structural equation modeling method. Findings indicated that that authentic leadership has a direct effect on scientific optimism, scientific optimism has a direct effect on job enthusiasm, and authentic leadership has a direct effect on scientific optimism. furthermore, authenticleadership through scientific optimism has an indirect effect on job engagement and the hypothetical model of the research showed a good fit. Therefore, it can be said that authentic leadership and academic optimism are important variables that are closely related to job engagement in teachers.

Abstract Lack of effective leadership is not only seen in economic organizations but also in education departments and all other institutions. What sometimes results in issues for some organizations is people, such as incompatible leaders, who do not play their critical role of leadership effectively and efficiently. The present applied and descriptive-correlational study aims to investigate the relationship between incompatible leadership and job plateau, burnout, and stress in first- and second-grade high school teachers. The statistical population of the research included all first- and second-grade high school teachers (1972). Accordingly, 322 individuals were selected as the research sample using the simple random sampling method. Data collection tools were Schmidt Incompatible Leadership Questionnaire (2008), Milliman Occupational Plateau Questionnaire (1992), Maslach Occupational Burnout Questionnaire (1985), and Sargi Job Stress Questionnaire (2015). The reliability of the questionnaires was 0.81, 0.90, 0.84, and 0.76, respectively, using Cronbach's alpha; the content validity was also confirmed. Data were analyzed using univariate t, correlation coefficient, and stepwise regression. Findings showed incompatible leadership of managers and occupational burnout and stress in school teachers to be at a low level, while their plateau was at a high level. Moreover, a positive and significant relationship was observed between incompatible leadership and job plateau and burnout of teachers; however, there was no relationship between incompatible leadership and job stress. Among components of incompatible leadership, authoritarian leadership could predict job plateau, abusive supervision and authoritarian leadership could predict job burnout, and abusive supervision could predict job stress. Thus, it is recommended that school principals reduce the stress, plateau, and burnout of teachers, as well as identifying the components of incompatible leadership and avoiding them in schools.

Achieving the goals of educational systems and responding correctly to the expectations of students, parents and teachers depend on the existence of efficient and effective educational administrators and their beliefs. Therefore, the attention of education researchers is focused on the understanding of management in educational settings. Since individuals' beliefs cause the creation of personality structures, so the study of managers' personality structures can be helpful in selecting, transferring and relocating educational managers on a scientific basis, recognizing the necessary components of management to establish training courses, predicting future actions of managers and reducing skepticism and uncertainty and identifying the stylistic complexity of managers. On the other hand, structures enable educational administrators to better fulfill their professional mission. Based on the importance of this issue, the main purpose of the study was to identify and compare the personal structures of management among school principals. In the present study, in order to achieve the personal construct of managers, an interpretive approach and a qualitative method of case study were used. Participants included all public school principals in Sanandaj who were employed in 2021 and had more than one year of managerial experience. Therefore, sampling was done in a target based using the criterion method. Also, the number of samples was appropriate for the Repertory Grid Technique which is usually used for the sample with small number, 43 novice and experienced Principal were chosen. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and a Repertory Grid Matrix. Finally, 575 personal construct were extracted during 43 interviews. Content analysis with the unit of subject was applied for the data analysis. The collected data of the personal construct of administrator were classified in 4 main categories and 13 sub-categories, which included issues as morality, relationship, personal features and intellectual-functional. The results of this study indicates that the highest percentage of personal constructs of novice and experienced managers is in the category of communication and the lowest percentage of personal structures for novice managers is in the category of intellectual-operational and also for experienced managers is in the category of ethics.