درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Purpose: Scientific-applied education as higher education needs coherent and structured planning. So, this study was conducted with the aim of explaining the challenges and obstacles of the application of land use planning in the development of scientific-applied higher education. Methodology: The present study was of applied in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of implementation method. The research community of land development planning documents in 2001-2020 and experts, including faculty members, managers and experts of scientific-applied higher educations in 2021, based on the principle of theoretical saturation, 35 cases of land development planning documents and 23 experts with targeted sampling method were selected as samples. The research tools were note-taking of documents and semi-structured interviews with experts, whose validity was confirmed by the opinion of experts along with triangulation method, and the reliability was obtained by the method of agreement coefficient between multiple coders of 0.85. Finally, the data were analyzed by thematic analysis method in Maxquda-12 software. Findings: The findings showed that 50 basic themes, 8 organizing themes and 5 comprehensive themes were identified for the challenges and obstacles of land use planning in the development of scientific-applied higher education; So that comprehensive themes includhng assessment of skill training needs (with two themes organizing labor market information bank, products and products with local and regional participation and curriculum design and revision), ecosystem, ecology and regional population (with two themes organizing economic activities and commercializing scientific-applied and training, empowering and scientific-applied professional qualifications), organizing and polarizing optimally in terms of space and time (with an organizing theme of the geographical arrangement of polarization and mission-oriented scientific-applied education centers), provincial and regional governance (with an organizing theme of local partnership management) and scientific-applied higher education preparation (with two themes organizing the training, superior laws and documents, challenges and obstacles in the use and application of the preparation of the land). Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, it is possible to use the basic, organizing and comprehensive themes identified to reduce the challenges and obstacles in the application of land use planning in the development of scientific-applied higher education.

Purpose: Today, with the transition from the industrial economy to a knowledge-based economy, the economic value of the human resource in the organization is more evident than ever. Human resource accounting is a relatively new approach to calculating the value of human resources as a part of the organization's capital and assets. This study aimed to identify the components of human resources valuation and design the employee valuation pattern in the country's banking network based on the human resources accounting approach. Methodology: The study was conducted using a mixed method (qualitative and quantitative) in three consecutive phases. In the first phase, the components affecting the human resources valuation process were extracted through the content analysis of related studies. After extracting the general components, initial interview questions were formulated using them. In the second phase, additional components and indicators were identified through semi-structured interviews with elites and informants in human resource accounting. In the third phase, using quantitative methods, the validation and ranking of the components were done. Finally, the valuation pattern of the country's banking network employees was formed. Findings: The final pattern included a total of 36 components in four categories: individual and personality characteristics (11 components), professional qualifications (9 components), social capabilities (7 components), and organizational costs (9 components). Conclusion: The proposed pattern in this study can provide the possibility of a multi-faceted valuation of the banking network employees in Iran due to the coverage of a wide range of components affecting the valuation.

Purpose: Friendship-oriented leadership is one of the relatively new methods of leadership to gain a competitive advantage. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to design and formulate a friendship-oriented leadership model. Methodology: This study was applied in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of execution method. The research community was experts and experts in the field of broadcasting leadership in 1400. The sample size was determined based on the principle of theoretical saturation of 20 people, and this number was selected by purposive sampling. The data was collected with a semi-structured interview, the validity of which was confirmed by the triangulation method and the reliability was calculated with the Cohen's kappa coefficient of 0.66. The data were analyzed by open, central and selective coding method based on database theory in MAXQDA software. Findings: The findings showed that 108 indicators were identified in 11 sub-categories and 6 main categories for the friendship-oriented leadership model; So that the friendship-oriented leadership model in the category of causal conditions includes individual abilities and capabilities and follower conditions, in the category of contextual conditions including organizational characteristics, demographic factors and human resources mechanism, in the category of intervening conditions including the organizational environment and extra-organizational factors, in the category of central phenomenon including leadership Friendship-oriented, in the category of strategies included leadership strategies, and in the category of consequences, it included positive consequences and negative consequences. Finally, the paradigm model of friendship-oriented leadership was designed. Conclusion: Specialists and organizational planners can use the categories and indicators identified for the friendship-oriented leadership model to improve their organization and create a competitive advantage and improve them in their organization.

Purpose: The objective of the present study was to validate a model for a multicultural curriculum based on Foucault's view at the 2nd stage of secondary school. Methodology: This study was applied, descriptive survey. The statistical population of this study included 11,024 teachers (5,692 men and 5,332 women) at the 2nd stage of secondary schools in Semnan Province. The research sample included 360 second stage of secondary schools teachers who were selected by multi-stage relative cluster sampling and Cochran's formula. The data collection tool is a researcher-made questionnaire of a multicultural curriculum based on Foucault's view with 70 questions and 4 dimensions of "goal, content, teaching-learning strategies and evaluation" and each dimension has three components of "knowledge, attitude and skill" on a five-point Likert scale. In order to confirm the validity of the questionnaires, content validity was used and composite reliability (CR) was used for the reliability of the questionnaires, which was suitable and acceptable. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equations modeling were used for data analysis by SPSS21 and PLS. Findings: The study results showed that the components of goal, content, teaching method and evaluation affected explaining a model for a multicultural curriculum based on Foucault's view. Conclusion: According to the study results, the model had a good fit.