درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

В предлагаемой статье рассматриваются вопросы современного рекламоведения, касающиеся структуры рекламного текста, а так же его составляющих, актуализирующих манипулятивное воздействие со стороны адресанта. В силу того, что реклама способствует сбыту товара, выступает в качестве инструмента формирования нравственных установок, ценностных ориентаций, создания культурных ценностей, норм, стиля поведения, требуется обширная система средств для достижения целей рекламодателя. К одному из самых ярких явлений речевого воздействия относится языковое манипулирование, рассматриваемое как сознательное и целенаправленное использование особенностей устройства и употребления языковых средств. Речь идет о разноуровневых средствах реализации иллокутивного намерения адресанта. Наряду с фонетическими, морфологическими средствами в фокусе внимания авторов находятся лексические средства, так как они являются доминирующими. За рамками статьи остаются синтаксические средства, учитывая объем статьи. Языковое манипулирование в рекламном тексте представляет собой особую разновидность речевого воздействия, поэтому формализация манипулирования, то есть выявление средств, выполняющих манипулятивную функцию, представляется важным для лингвистических изысканий, теории коммуникации, лингвистической прагматики и многих других научных направлений.

To produce an adequate translation, language students are required to learn varieties of language features including syntax, semantics and pragmatics. Considering the curriculum language learners are face with, one can claim that almost all language students in Iran are taught these features in their academic settings including linguistic courses. Yet, there are some aspects of language which are disregarded in course books and syllabi and ignored by language teachers. Thus, language learners find it a formidable task to deal with these shrugged off aspects of their curricula. Genre of language is among these invisible features which have challenged translation students in translating specific texts. News reports is one of these genres that Iranian media translators, in spite of enjoying technical competence in language, are not familiar with knowledge and rhetorical conventions of it. So, the current is conducted to investigate the familiarity of these translators with genre features of news discourse and examine the effect of raising genre awareness on developing the quality of translation. To this aim, fourteen translation students studying translation for media purpose were selected through convenient sampling who were given some news reports to translate. Using Baker’s taxonomy (1992) and House’s quality assessment model (1997), the quality of their translations were assessed before genre awareness raising session and after it. The findings showed that the quality of translation ameliorated meaningfully after the instruction, indicating the importance of genre knowledge in linguistic competence. These findings have implications for syllabus designers and EAP and ESP teachers and students. 

AbstractDeveloping self-regulated learners has been the life-long ambition of different stakeholders in education. This study was set out to find the relationships between self-regulated strategies as defined by time and resource management, cognitive and metacognitive strategies, achievement goals classified as mastery, performance-approach and performance-avoidance, and the listening achievement of EFL learners. Two hundred and fifty five Iranian high-intermediate EFL learners attending Iran Language Institute of Mazandaran were randomly selected. Correlational analysis of the data demonstrated that self-regulated strategies were significantly correlated with mastery goal orientation and listening achievement of the learners. Performance-approach goal orientation was neither correlated with these strategies nor with mastery goal orientation. It only showed a significant negative correlation with performance-avoidance goal orientation. The findings are in congruence with the assumptions made in social cognitive theory of learning, expectancy-value theory and the model of self-regulated learning developed by Pintrich and De Groot (1990).

This study was carried out to investigate the relationship between foreign language listening anxiety and listening comprehension. The study employed correlational study design. Participants of the study were 40 grade 11 students who attended the listening class in 2015/2016. Foreign language listening anxiety questionnaire and listening comprehension tests were used as data gathering instruments. These data were analyzed using Pearson’s Product moment correlation and one way ANOVA. In order to identify the significance of differences between the pairs of FL listening anxiety, multiple comparisons or a post hoc test was also conducted. The results revealed that there was a significant, negative correlation between listening comprehension and foreign language listening anxiety. The findings also showed that the mean differences were statistically significant between the low anxiety and average anxiety, low anxiety and high anxiety and average anxiety and high anxiety.

This paper focuses on the impact of an asynchronous online discussion forum on the development of students’ ability in and attitudes toward writing in English. Two groups of third-year students (N = 60) majoring in English were assigned to two treatment and control groups, each receiving different types of feedback. Students in the treatment group were required to participate in an online learning environment and exchange feedback with their peers, whereas students in the control group received the traditional face-to-face feedback provided by the teacher. The results of a pre-test, a post-test, and a survey revealed that students’ writing in the treatment group significantly improved, both semantically and syntactically, and they expressed more positive attitudes toward writing. The findings also indicated that as a result of engaging in the asynchronous online discussion forum and exchanging feedback with peers, students exhibited more control over their work, involved more effectively with the learning tasks, collaborated more with their classmates, and employed self-assessment strategies to independently revise or rewrite their work. The implications of the study offer guidelines to improve and facilitate writing skill in EFL contexts.

Since the early development of interest in the interpersonal dimensions of academic communication in the 1980s, the analytic potentials of the concept of metadiscourse have motivated a large number of investigations. Although these analytic potentials have facilitated the study of diverse academic genres, there has always been a risk of detachment of textual analyses form the contextual origins and motivations. In some cases, this detachment has been so observable that the true discoursal nature of the interpersonal dimensions of academic communication has been reduced to classifications of a large number of pure textual properties. As a reaction to this reductionist trend, the present article provides a preliminary framework within which the contextual origins of metadiscourse features can be understood. It is suggested that if the findings of metadiscourse research are meant to be interpreted in meaningful ways, they should be contextualized within such process-oriented frameworks.  

The present study aimed to capture and represent the mediator-learner’s interaction in the development of listening proficiency and statistically compare this interaction between high and low proficient English as a foreign language (EFL) learners. Thirty EFL learners participated in Oxford Quick Placemat Test (OQPT) and the Interactions/Mosaic Listening Placement (IMLP) Test to select those whose proficiency levels and listening skills were based on the placement guide of the tests, at upper-intermediate and advanced levels. Out of 30 learners, 12 learners (upper-intermediate level=6, advanced level=6) volunteered to participate in individualized tutoring sessions. The study adopted an interactionist Dynamic Assessment (DA) approach and implemented a qualitative research methodology to reveal the frequency and quality, the two criteria to interpret the learners’ developments and Zone of Actual/Potential Development (ZAD/ZPD) functioning, of mediator-learner’s interaction. The amount and quality of moves made by learners to complete the task were reported in quantitative data. Statistical analyses were run to examine whether the ability level may affect the responsiveness of learners to mediation. Findings of the study revealed that 17 reciprocity moves were identified that promoted the development of listening abilities of upper-intermediate and advanced level learners. It is also revealed that the upper-intermediate learners showed more responses as compared to the advanced learners.