Coronavirus

The mind prepares for questioning during fundamental transformation in the course of human life. The Coronavirus Crisis brought about a fundamental change in human life that had not happened in the world for decades. In order to deal philosophically with this crisis, new questions must be hunted down. In this paper, I enumerate some of these challenges. Some of emerging questions from those challenges is explained. It is shown that their analysis causes philosophical creativity and in the face of them we will find the success of philosophizing. Some of these challenges is discussed in the following field of philosophy: phenomenological questions about Corona, the new challenges in philosophy of science, political challenges, moral philosophy and norms in ethics, philosophy of religion, the growth of existentialistic attitudes to human beings, highlighting the issue of the meaning of life and the need for a philosophical answer, Corona Crisis and globalization.

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the semantic system of ecotourism resort owners about the effects of Coronavirus on the environment and nature to show how they understand, interpret and evaluate this phenomenon and its consequences. 12 owners of ecotourism resorts in Mazandaran province participated in this study. After discovering the basic concepts and major categories in the axial coding stage, the process of connecting the categories was done based on their properties. The environmental effects of Coronavirus as a core category, major categories under the headings of consumption, environmental attitudes, barriers, and solutions/strategies were revealed as major categories. Food consumption (packaged and home-made), consumption of hygienic chemicals, consumption of natural sources (water, energy) under the category of consumption, attitudes towards littering, biodiversity conservation, environmental pollution under the category of attitudes towards the environment, legal, individual and structural barriers were placed under the category of barriers to pro-environmental behaviors and creating opportunities for support, increasing environmental awareness and attracting public participation under the category of solutions/strategies. According to the respondents, the emergence of Coronavirus has increased littering in nature and due to its social fear, the volume of new waste (masks and gloves) has increased; however, the positive effects such as biodiversity conservation and reduction of air pollutants due to reduced traffic would be transient and temporary.

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected many countries all over the world. Most universities and institutions throughout the world offer online instruction to avoid disruptions in education during this global pandemic. This qualitative study investigated Iranian EFL university lecturers’ perspectives toward online instruction during the Coronavirus pandemic. Based on a researcher-developed protocol, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 university lecturers from Karaj and Science and Research Branches of Islamic Azad University, in Karaj and Tehran, Iran, whose teaching experiences ranged from 7 to 27 years, to identify their perspectives toward online instruction during the COVID-19 outbreak. The interviews drew upon emergent methodology to categorize the interviewees’ value-laden comments into four major attitudinal themes, namely,change in pedagogy with four subthemes of online teaching software, synchronous versus asynchronous teaching, benefits of online instruction, and university lecturers’ challenges regarding online instruction; supporting students with two subthemes of establishing rapport and positive relationship with students and student engagement; ethics in online instruction with a subtheme of assessment in an online environment; and the future of online instruction with two subthemes of university lecturers’ suggestions or recommendations regarding online instructionand changes in learning approaches after the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings demonstrated that Iranian EFL university lecturers require professional training on the latest technology updates for online instruction. Further, the adequacy of technological infrastructure and free internet access could facilitate online instruction during the COVID-19 outbreak. Thus, universities and educational organizations are expected to promote the infrastructure and provide a variety of internet access alternatives.  

The purpose of this research was to identify the skills and abilities learners need in a digital learning environment during the Corona crisis. The research approach was applied in terms of objective and the data collected using the mixed-method approach. In the first part, using a qualitative approach and a document search method, 33 components (related to the skills and abilities of e-learners) were identified, and then19 components out of 33 with the highest frequencies were selected. The target population for this study included all MA students of the University of Tehran who had the experience of studying in an online learning environment, then 374 individuals were selected as a sample using the random sampling method. In the second part, using a quantitative approach and a descriptive-analytical research method, the questionnaire developed by the researcher relies on 19 components identified in the previous step. The experts' opinions proved the validity of the questionnaire—moreover, its reliability in 0.94 (Cronbach alpha). The data was analyzed by SPSS and LISREL, and the results of the data analysis demonstrate that the proposed model is a good fit. Among the 19 components surveyed, all are above average. Finally, the results indicated that the most critical components from e-learners’ view which more critical in digital learning were effective communication, use of the computer, active learning, learning skills, resilience, motivation toward e-learning, emotional intelligence, interaction with e-learning system, self-direct learning, time management, flexibility and adaptability, critical thinking, creativity, asking someone for help, leadership skills, stress management, self-organized, cognitive skills and self-assessment

The worldwide coronavirus pandemic has led to the emergence of different patterns of behavior in different contexts; one of the most important of these contexts is leisure. The aim of this study was to identify the concepts and categories of leisure during the coronavirus pandemic (emphasis on sports-related studies) and using a qualitative meta-synthesis method. For this purpose, after searching for resources related to the field of leisure (emphasis on sports-related studies) during the coronavirus pandemic, 169 primary sources were found and among them 36 sources were selected and analyzed. The results of a meta-synthesis of leisure studies during the coronavirus pandemic (emphasis on sports-related research) was classified into 7 main categories physical, cognitive (mental), emotional, sociocultural, economic, technology, and environmental conditions and a sports leisure model was presented during the coronavirus pandemic. According to the results of this study, if proper planning and monitoring by sports-related organizations and the media is considered, sports leisure time during the coronavirus pandemic can bring physical, cognitive (mental), emotional and sociocultural benefits for individuals and reduce the negative effects of coronavirus disease in communities. On the other the coronavirus pandemic has revolutionized leisure conditions, and in particular sports leisure, by revolutionizing technology, economics, and conditions environment.

With the spread of the Coronavirus in Iran and almost simultaneously around the world, universities were forced to operate online and use distance education. The efficiency of universities in these critical situations depends to a large extent on their communication and media policies to advance their educational and research goals. To review the media and communication policy of the University of Tehran and the University of Cape Town, the content of their official websites from March 2020 to January 2021 was evaluated. This paper, using a combination of qualitative and quantitative content analysis, examined the content of these websites in connection with the Corona pandemic and evaluated their  communication strategy in conveying their messages. Both universities have prioritized medical and emergency services which show the importance of students' and staff’s health for both universities but the social responsibility were  more evident in Tehran University with its deeper commitment to its social missions. In terms of communication strategy, Cape Town University adopted a "supportive and egocentric" strategy to provide the necessary news and refrain  from publishing the comments of audiences, and the University of Tehran took a "supportive and selective" strategy intending to provide the most news with selective comments. 

Background: The Coronavirus not only affects physical health, but the outbreak of this virus can also have devastating psychological effects. To treat and diagnose, these impacts should be identified. This study aimed to investigate the role of Perfectionism and Self-compassion in predicting Coronavirus anxiety. Method: The sample consisted of 292 participants who responded online to the Coronavirus Anxiety Inventory, the Hewitt and Flett Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (HF-MPS), and Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form (SCS-SF). Data were analyzed by correlation and multiple regression analysis. Results: The results have shown that the dimensions of perfectionism, and Self-compassion, predict Coronavirus anxiety (P <0.001). Also, Mindfulness and Common humanity, from Self-compassion components, could predict Coronavirus anxiety significantly (P <0.001). Conclusion: These findings indicate that Perfectionism is effective in exacerbating Coronavirus anxiety, and Self-compassion is effective in modulating it. These variables can play an important role in general health policies, the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of Coronavirus anxiety.

COVID-19 is a new variant of SARS-COV-2 which can lead to mild to severe infection in humans. Despite the remarkable efforts to contain the epidemic, the virus spread rapidly around the world and its prevalence continued with different degrees of clinical symptoms in many countries. Although common strategies including prevention, diagnosis, and care are necessary to curb this epidemic, early and accurate diagnosis can play an important role in reducing the speed of the epidemic. In this regard, the use of technologies based on artificial intelligence can be of great help. For this reason, since the outbreak of COVID-19, many researchers have tried to use machine learning techniques as a subset of artificial intelligence for the early diagnosis of COVID-19. Considering the importance and role of using clinical and laboratory data in the diagnosis of people with covid-19, in this paper K-NN, SVM, decision tree, random forest, Naive Bayes, neural network and XGBoost models are the most common machine learning models, and a dataset containing 1354 records consisting of clinical and laboratory data of patients in Imam Hossein Hospital in Tehran has been used to diagnose patients with covid-19. The results of this research indicate that based on the evaluation criteria, XGBoost and K-NN models have the most accuracy among the mentioned models and can be considered suitable predictive models for the diagnosis of COVID-19.

The outbreak of COVID-19 has profoundly affected people's daily lives, and caused various challenges. Interactions of spouses has been one of the most important dimensions of life affected by these changes. The aim of this study was to identify the dimensions of women's experience of couple interactions during the restrictions imposed during COVID-19 pandemic. This research was conducted with a qualitative approach and a phenomenological method. The participants included 11 married women in Tehran who, during the restrictions caused by COVID-19, spent most of their time at home with their husbands. Data were collected using semi-structured and in-depth interviews. The data obtained from the interviews were coded and analyzed using the Colaizzi's method. The data were categorized into 18 sub-themes and three main themes. The findings showed that the potential of a couple relationship in crises can be such that individuals spontaneously do things to reduce the tensions in a way that this not only reduces the amount of stress, but also enriches their relationship. Women who had such an experience saw the forced situation of being together as a good opportunity to fix their relationship. But the spouses who did not have a normal couple relationship and did not have the necessary skills to repair the gaps and there has been tension, disconnection or overlapping roles and transgression of boundaries in their relationship, would make the gap in the relationship deeper with inappropriate reactions; therefore, this period has led to more conflicts for them.

The Analytic visualization suggests representing knowledge during a visual type that may be charts, graphs, lists, or maps. The COVID 19 detection and analysis of spreading is very important for countries. Database management with respect to virus deep analysis is a critical task to the researcher through conventional algorithms. The RNA, DNA, and biological data are helping to the bio-inspired algorithm but its implementation can be complex by software tools. Therefore, an effective technique is required to cross over the above limitations. So that covid 19 pandemic data analysis is performed through FCNN (Fully conventional Neural Network) pre-training network. The dataset is collected from social media, Kaggle, and GitHub databases. At 1st stage, the auto stack encoding process is applied later same data is processed with FCNN deep learning classifier. In this research work, covid-pandemic affects parameters like infected persons, deaths, active cases, and recovering cases. The FCNN is take care of feature extraction, training, testing, and classification. Finally using a confusion matrix accuracy of 98.34%, sensitivity 97.63%, Recall 98.26%, and F measure 98.83% had been estimated.

Learning and practical activities in biology is an important element of the curriculum, which has faced challenges and opportunities in the distance education process in the conditions of the coronavirus. The aim of the research was to identify the learning challenges and practical activities of biology professors and undergraduate students of Kabul Education University -Afghanistan in virtual classes under the Covid-19 conditions. This research was conducted with a qualitative approach and grounded theory method. The research population was 36 professors and students who participated in targeted interviews of 20 men and 16 women. The results showed that (limited access to the Internet, non-implementation of practical and laboratory activities, evaluation challenges and changes in the time and place of teaching) are the things that have affected the quality of education, learning and practical activities' of biology in the Corona conditions. By creating a balanced e-learning infrastructure in all regions of the country and investing more in educational technology, can be reduced learning challenges and practical activities.

The widespread deployment of social media has helped researchers access an enormous amount of data in various domains, including the the COVID-19 pandemic. This study draws on a heuristic approach to classify Commercial Instagram Posts (CIPs) and explores how the businesses around the Holy Shrine were impacted by the pandemic. Two datasets of Instagram posts (one gathered data from March 14th to April 10th, 2020, when Holy Shrine and nearby shops were closed, and one extracted data from the same period in 2019), two word embedding models – aimed at vectorizing associated caption of each post, and two neural networks – multi-layer perceptron and convolutional neural network – were employed to classify CIPs in 2019. Among the scenarios defined for the 2019 CIPs classification, the results revealed that the combination of MLP and CBoW achieved the best performance, which was then used for the 2020 CIPs classification. It was found out that the fraction of CIPs to total Instagram posts has increased from 5.58% in 2019 to 8.08% in 2020, meaning that business owners were using Instagram to increase their sales and continue their commercial activities to compensate for the closure of their stores during the pandemic. Moreover, the portion of non-commercial Instagram posts (NCIPs) in total posts has decreased from 94.42% in 2019 to 91.92% in 2020, implying the fact that since the Holy Shrine was closed, Mashhad residents and tourists could not visit it and take photos to post on their Instagram accounts.

The outbreak of Coronavirus disease, 2019 (COVID-19), started in late 2019 and developed into a pandemic by March 2020 and has become a global problem. Following the global outbreak and coronavirus spreading around the world, the WHO reported a statement on January 11, 2020, announcing the new Coronavirus outbreak as the sixth significant public health emergency in the world. In the stressful situation caused by the coronavirus epidemic, many jokes and Humor about this disease were distributed on social networks. In these circumstances, the question arises: Why do some people continue to make jokes about it, despite the mass perception of the coronavirus epidemic? The present research method was qualitative and Strauss and Corbin's version of the grounded theory was used. Participants were included the Telegram Social Network Comic Channel “https://t.me/s/jokcom” Members, which had more than 2879 members and those on Instagram and Twitter members who liked the corona content to the jokes about the covid-19 pandemic inside Iran. Based on the result, we found the effects and consequences of corona jokes. There was several factors involved in shaping the phenomenon of covids jokes. Joke and Humor are like a double-edged sword; in some situation, can be both harmful and helpful.

This study goes about to analyze the consequences of the coronavirus on human livelihood. Door to door survey has been done to collect local people's responses. To find out the effect of coronavirus on human livelihood discriminant analysis has been done and Pearson’s correlation analysis has been accomplished. For fulfillment of the objective of this study, 13 mouzas (small administrative units in India) and 1 census town have been selected as study units along the banks of river Kharkhari. The outcome of this study shows that the coronavirus pandemic impacted the reduction in the income level of people in the selected study units. People of villages were less affected by coronavirus than the people of towns. However, the effect of this pandemic is not less in villages and it has a considerable effect on income, education and health of people. There is a negative and significant correlation (r=-0.718, at 99 percent level of confidence) between COVID symptoms/affected and reduction in income level. The result of discriminant analysis reveals that the leading independent variable is a reduction in income level as it has the highest value (2.234) in the standardized canonical function coefficient table. A considerable number of school dropouts has been observed after the lockdown due to this pandemic. Field survey reveals that people are still in fear regarding a reduction in income level due to this pandemic.

Uncertainty, insecurity and complexity are some of the terms defining, now and in the future, the development process of the human species on planet Earth. There is plethora of evidence to substantiate this view. However, each epidemic has its own defining features, magnitude, and discernible impact. Societies are affected differently. It is shown that the events caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, called the "coronacrisis", directly affect the sphere of global economic (pandenomics) and political contradictions, including security issues. It is noted that the pandemic factor provoked an acceleration of confrontation between global players, strengthened the role of the institution of the nation state. In the context of deglobalization at the transregional level, under the slogans of "strategic vulnerability" and "economic sovereignty", nationalism and "protectionism 2.0" continue to grow, and multilateral international institutions continue to weaken. Against this background, the European Union seeks to achieve competitive advantages through the deoffshorization of production, industrial policy and the Green Deal. The article notes the deterioration of the state of affairs between Russia, China, the US and the EU. The article reveals further trends in the strategic decoupling of the United States and its European allies, draws attention to the incentives to implement the principle of "strategic autonomy" of Brussels.