School dropout

Purpose: The aim of the current study was to identify the factors affecting female student’s dropout rate in Jargalan section of North Khorasan province. Methodology: fundamental and applied method was employed to cover the goal of this study also descriptive casual comparative was use for data collection. Mixed method (quantitative-qualitative) also was employed through using grounded theory(GT). The statistical population consisted of all female students leaving school in the first semester of the elementary school from 2017 to 2018, which included 200 students. In the qualitative phase, the sampling was saturated with 20 individuals and in the quantitative section, 128 students were selected based on available sampling. Semi-structured interviews and a researcher-made questionnaire based on interviews were used for data collection. The face and content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts and the combined reliability was calculated with Cronbach's alpha. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to analyze the research questions. Findings: The results of grounded theory showed that economic, educational, personal beliefs, factors related to specific culture and family factors are the factors that play a role in the dropout rate. The results also showed parental resistance and children's participation in home affairs, financial constraints and bottlenecks, parental literacy, and lack of attention and importance to education of girls as much as boys, were the main causes of girls leaving school. Conclusion: Education is a long-term management tool for human resource education and long-term investment that clarifies the talents and how they contribute to the economic and social growth of societies. And the most important contributor to any society's stagnation and decline is its advancement and progress, and this enormous fertility education and responsibility holds all the talents of the present and future generations of society in expectation and expectation. Provide for growth and development because failure to complete primary education results in numerous individual and societal disadvantages, with dropouts being one of the most important.

This study goes about to analyze the consequences of the coronavirus on human livelihood. Door to door survey has been done to collect local people's responses. To find out the effect of coronavirus on human livelihood discriminant analysis has been done and Pearson’s correlation analysis has been accomplished. For fulfillment of the objective of this study, 13 mouzas (small administrative units in India) and 1 census town have been selected as study units along the banks of river Kharkhari. The outcome of this study shows that the coronavirus pandemic impacted the reduction in the income level of people in the selected study units. People of villages were less affected by coronavirus than the people of towns. However, the effect of this pandemic is not less in villages and it has a considerable effect on income, education and health of people. There is a negative and significant correlation (r=-0.718, at 99 percent level of confidence) between COVID symptoms/affected and reduction in income level. The result of discriminant analysis reveals that the leading independent variable is a reduction in income level as it has the highest value (2.234) in the standardized canonical function coefficient table. A considerable number of school dropouts has been observed after the lockdown due to this pandemic. Field survey reveals that people are still in fear regarding a reduction in income level due to this pandemic.