درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Managing supply chain operations in a reliable manner is a significant concern for decision-makers in competitive industries. In recent years consumers and legislation have been pushing companies to design their activities in such a way as to reduce negative environmental impacts more and more. It is therefore important to examine the optimization of total supply chain costs and environmental impacts together. However, because of the recycling of deteriorated products, the environmental impacts of deteriorating items are more significant than those of non-deteriorating ones. The subject of supply chain of deteriorating products, simultaneously considering costs and environment has gained attention in the academia and from the industry. Particularly for deteriorating and seasonal products, such as fresh produce, the issues of timely supply and disposal of the deteriorated products are of high concerns. The objective of this paper is to develop multi objective mathematical model and to propose a new replenishment policy in a centralized supply chain for deteriorating products. In this model, the manufacturer produces a new product and delivers it to a distant market, and then the distributor buys the product and sells it to the end consumers. This study presents a new mathematical model of the location-routing problem (LRP) of facilities in supply chain network (SCN) for deteriorating products through taking environmental considerations, cost, delivery time and customer satisfaction into account across the entire network and customer satisfaction. In order to solve the model, the combination of the two red deer algorithm (RDA) and annealing simulation (AS) was proposed. We then perform the network optimization in SCN and provide some managerial insights. Finally, more promising directions are suggested for future research.

Some cities have unique and special features that have created a strong image of them in the minds of people elsewhere; But there are many cities that, despite their special features, have not been successful in this area. The purpose of this research is to validate the urban brand model in order to develop the tourism industry in Gilan province. The statistical population of the study includes managers and experts of Guilan Cultural Heritage and Tourism Organization and employees working in tourism services offices of Guilan Province. Using a researcher-made questionnaire, 201 of them by Simple random sampling method were selected. Structural equation modeling using LISREL software was used to validate the model. The results of model validation showed that There is no significant relationship between contextual factors and strategies. But there is a significant relationship between other relationships in the model and the relationship between them was confirmed.

Abstract Businesses are the heart of every economic and social system. However, some of them are faces with failure due to the lack of a proper business model or having an inappropriate one. For designing a business model or innovating it, different elements should be taken into account. Not only considering these elements is crucial, but also their role in the system and detecting the interrelations between them are of outmost importance. With this regard, the aim of this article is investigating the possible effects and impacts of each element on others in a Business Model and categorizing them based on their importance and their net contribution in the selected model. For this purpose, Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method is hired. The business model investigated in this article is the one introduced by krumeich and consisted of 20elements. Although all the elements are interdependent, based on the findings of this research, Resource Model is the most effectual component as well as being the most important element in the system. Furthermore, Cost Model is the highest impact receiver due to the highest amount of impacts receives from other elements. The results of this research are depicted in the form of tables and graphs.