The Revival of Teleology After its Death by Darwin(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
پژوهش های فلسفی - کلامی سال ۲۷ پاییز ۱۴۰۳ شماره ۳ (پیاپی ۱۰۱)
107 - 134
حوزههای تخصصی:
Two distinct teleological perspectives emerge from the ancient Greek tradition. 1) Platonic teleology, which represents teleology as the result of intentional agency and is the origin of the idea of design; and 2) Aristotelian teleology, which introduces teleology as the resultof natural and intrinsic causes. The preceding framework for understanding nature was superseded by the advent of the modern era and the establishment of the scientific method. Nevertheless, despite the prevailing skepticism regarding the possibility and utility of teleology in the modern era, it is asserted that several prominent scientists of the modern era are staunch defenders of teleology (design). However, with Darwin’s proposal of the theory of evolution, the path to the destruction of teleology was initiated. This article examines the interconnection between Darwin’s theory of evolution (then Neo-Darwinism) and teleology, focusing on how this theory effectively undermines the teleological perspective. However, it seems that recent findings in the field of biology challenge this dominant view and open the way for the revival of teleology.