درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

The Verse 59 of the Surah Al-ahzāb plays a key role in inferring the ruling on Hijab due to its legislative characteristics. Does this verse specify the scope and realm of hijab? Does it have a wisdom for a ruling or a cause? Does it show exclusive concepts, if it shows the hijab? Can we refer to the Arabic verb Yu'rafna as a word delineating the boundary between the free and salve women? Based on the document-analytical method, this article carefully examines the sources of both Shiite and Sunni sources and seeks to express the necessity of maintaining the hijab of women. It concludes that, the title of “observing the public chastity” is not mentioned in the words of the commentators and jurists. Additionally, since the people of the Book, slaves and those who did not observe Islamic Shari'ah lived in Media of the day, this verse means the very attention to the protection of privacy in the form of identification and security of the committed women, and so there is no obligation to wear hijab.

The manifestation of the Essence of God in the point of view of Ibn Arabi and Meister Eckhart is considered one of the most important and fundamental ideas on which the other mystical questions depend on. Ibn Arabi regards this matter in the way that it represents the Essence of God, namely the manifestation of the Essence of God and other worlds is because of His hiddenness in these worlds which is resulted from the Breath of the Merciful (the complete divine manifestation). Meister Eckhart also regards this matter as the truth of everything and originates from the divine perception of Himself, and this perception flows to all things by which the Essence of God manifested in the whole things including human, soul and the light. The Essence of God is the Love who penetrates the whole attracting things to Him. So the manifestation and hiddenness in the two mystics' views is the proof of the two verses (He is the First, the Last, the Manifest, and the Unseen and He knows all things), and We are closer to him than even his jugular vein. This manifestation and hiddenness don’t just concern  the worlds and beings, but includes the visible world, the world of unveiling matters relating to the unseen, the stations, and states. Mystics and holy travellers stated the secret of this manifestation and hiddenness of the Essence of God, namely, the full orientation towards the Essence of God, this approach gives an expansion of readiness to the mystic and holy traveller to enable him to receive and reflect the divine perfection more and more; for that they recommend the importance to protect this hiddenness and continuing its manifestation.