درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Human understanding of divine knowledge, particularly abstract and intangible concepts such as death, significantly influences human behavior and ultimate destiny. Consequently, the concept of death in verses and hadiths, especially in the words of Imam Ali (AS), has been depicted in a tangible manner. A descriptive-analytical study of "Death" with a focus on conceptual metaphors within the cognitive semantics framework has transformed tangible spaces into unfamiliar ones and opened up new perspectives on religious knowledge about death. Based on Verses of the Qur'an and the words of Imam Ali (AS) in the context of embodied conceptual metaphor, the concrete concepts of humans, animals, and plants are mapped onto death: 1) Death is portrayed as a human who preaches, comes, and meets one's soul; or as a human who pursues another, waiting to seize them like an officer with a judicial order, or a thief and hunter who takes advantage of one's negligence and steals or hunts all their possessions (life and soul); 2) Another image for death is that of a ferocious animal with sharp claws, directly targeting a person's soul; 3) The third embodied conceptualization presents death as a plant with a pleasant scent or as autumn, symbolizing the end of life. In some of these tangible depictions, pleasure, comfort, and tranquility are the focal points, while in most cases, the certainty and imminence of death, its harsh and terrifying nature, the transience of life, the inevitability of death, and the feelings of loss and regret are emphasized.

SUBJECT & OBJECTIVES:  The analysis of the nature, characteristics, and differences of modern spiritualism with religious spirituality can be considered as one of the most important challenges and problems that have faced spirituality and mysticism. Today, the confrontation between modern spirituality and religious spirituality has become very colourful, such that modern spirituality seeks to discredit and contradict religious spirituality. Therefore, they mainly seek to present non-religious spirituality based on the inefficiency of religious spirituality. From the perspective of the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Ayatollah Khāmeneī, religious spirituality is a ‘Revolutionary’ spirituality, which is equivalent to Jihadi spirituality, characterized by civilization, justice, revolution, epic, liberation from domination, martyrdom, and progressivism, as evident in his statements.METHOD & FINDING:  Using the analytical-descriptive method, the findings of the research indicate that the practical functions of Islamic spirituality based on the thought of the Supreme Leader combining the triad ‘spirituality, rationality, justice’ in the individual and family arena (lifestyle) are: prosperity and happiness, scientific growth, security, comfort and well-being, hope, independence and freedom, honour and dignity, Justice, financial well-being, heart luminosity which lead towards ‘good life.’CONCLUSION:  In the Islamic spirituality of Ayatollah Khāmeneī, the unity of materiality and spirituality is very prominent. In his careful inference, the way to achieve spirituality in the personal and family spheres is crucial, encompassing both worldly and material life, while it is considered the main pillar of leading a pure, Quranic life.