درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Aim: The present study investigated the moderating role of interpersonal mindfulness in the link between interpersonal sensitivity and marital conflict.Method: The Research method is a descriptive-correlation type of structural equation modeling. The statistical population consists of married students of Alzahra and Tehran University, and 182 people were randomly selected by sampling by multi-stage cluster method. Questionnaires on interpersonal mindfulness (IMS), interpersonal sensitivity (ISS), and marital conflict (MCQ) were given them. Statistical data analysis at the descriptive and inferential levels was performed with SPSS and Smart-PLS 3. Result: Partial least square-structural equation modeling showed a significant positive association between interpersonal sensitivity and marital conflict (β= .43, t= 6.47 > 2.58, p < 0.001) and the interaction effect of interpersonal mindfulness and interpersonal sensitivity had a significant relationship with marital conflict (β = .15, T-values= 2.43, p < 0.05. Thus, the moderating role of interpersonal mindfulness in the link between interpersonal sensitivity and marital conflict was confirmed.Conclusion: couples with a high level of interpersonal sensitivity are likely to experience more marital conflict, and the predictive effect of interpersonal sensitivity on marital conflict   is significantly weakened by increasing the level of interpersonal mindfulness, thus interpersonal mindfulness plays a moderating role in the link between interpersonal sensitivity and marital conflict. Therefore, interpersonal mindfulness training is suggested to family counselors to reduce conflicts and marital problems in couples who suffer from interpersonal sensitivity. In addition, The findings of this research can provide valuable information for families, psychologists, and society.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Imago therapy training on emotional orientation, sexual self-efficacy and sexual intimacy of married women. Methods and Materials: A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control design was used in this study. The study focused on all women in Alborz province, Iran in 2021. Through purposeful sampling, 30 eligible individuals were selected and randomly assigned to either an experimental group or a control group, with 15 women in each group. The experimental group received ten sessions of Imago therapy, while the control group remained on a waiting list. The data collection tools included the Emotional Orientation in Sexual Relations Questionnaire (Aliabadian & Hassanzadeh, 2018), the Sexual Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (Vaziri & Lotfi, 2012), and the Sexual Intimacy Questionnaire (Shahsiah, 2010). Data analysis involved descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS 22, with a significance level of 0.05.Findings: Based on the results achieved, it can be concluded that every factor displayed noteworthy F values (P<0.01). Consequently, the affirmation of imago therapy training's influence on emotional orientation, sexual self-efficacy, and sexual intimacy of married women was confirmed.Conclusion: According to Imago therapy, the subjects in the experimental group demonstrated a considerable impact on their levels of sexual longing, confidence in their sexual abilities, and emotional intimacy. Counselors and clinical psychologists in appropriate centers are advised to incorporate communication imaging training (Imago therapy) as a means of enhancing both sexual self-assurance and emotional connection about women's sexual relationships.

Aim: The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of schema therapy based on mentality in reducing feelings of loneliness and depression, as well as improving self-concept, among single women over 40 years of age in Khorramabad. Methods: This study employed a semi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test measurements, including experimental and control groups. The statistical population consisted of all single women over the age of 40 who had never been married as of 2022. A random sampling method was used to select 30 participants. The instruments used for data collection included the UCLA Loneliness Scale, the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Beck Self-Concept Scale. The intervention consisted of schema therapy based on mentality. Results: The results from both multivariate and univariate analysis of covariance indicated that the schema therapy based on mentality had a significant impact on reducing feelings of loneliness and depression and improving self-concept (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that schema therapy based on mentality effectively reduces feelings of loneliness and depression while enhancing the self-concept of single women.

Aim: Marriage is a social institution that forms the foundation of relationships and creates family units. The present study was conducted to examine the effect of transactional analysis on marital quality and positive thinking of married women in District 6 of Tehran in 2020. Methods: This quasi-experimental research was conducted with a pretest-posttest design and included a control group. Among the married women in the 6th district of Tehran who had enrolled in the Institute of Transactional Analysis Training, 34 individuals were selected using Purposive sampling, with 17 randomly assigned to the experimental group and 17 to the control group. The marital quality and positive thinking questionnaires were administered to subjects in the experimental group during the pretest phase, followed by implementing the independent variable (transactional analysis) in the experimental group through 9 three-hour sessions. The control group did not receive any training. After the final session, both groups completed the marital quality and positive thinking questionnaires in the post-test phase. The SPSS 19 software was utilized to conduct the covariance analysis test to analyze the data. Results: The value of F indicates the effect of transactional analysis training on marital quality (F=533.862; P=0.017), and positive thinking (F=14.67; P=0.001) demonstrates the impact of transactional analysis training on positive thinking and marital quality is confirmed after controlling for pretest effects and nuisance variables. Conclusion:This study reveals that transactional analysis impacts marital quality and positive thinking of married women. One of the most crucial functions of training is the ability to express one's needs to the spouse, leading to improvement in marital quality, specifically by reducing stress and anger. Additionally, by helping individuals identify and manage their emotions, transactional analysis training can help control negative emotions and improve their overall outlook, increasing positive thinking. This positive thinking, achieved through transactional analysis training, can improve individuals' mental and emotional well-being and reconstruct their damaged spirits.

Aim: This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between childhood emotional maltreatment and the quality of a marital quality with the mediating role of defensiveness and mindfulness relationship. Method: The current research was descriptive and correlational using the structural equation modeling method. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all the married people of Tehran city in the fall of 2023, and 420 of them were selected from four psychology centers through an online call by the convenience sampling method. The tools of this research include relational-connectivity (R-C S, Galovan, 2021), relationship sabotage scale (RSS, Peel and Caltabiano, 2021), mindfulness relationship measure (RMM, Kimmes et al., 2017) and childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ, Bernstein et al., 2003). The data were analyzed using the structural equation modeling method with AMOS-24. Findings: The results indicated the appropriate fit of the model. The findings indicated that defensiveness and relationship mindfulness could predict the quality of marital relationship indirectly through neglect (p > 0.001). However, defensiveness and mindfulness in relation to emotional abuse did not predict the quality of marital relationships (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Relationship mindfulness and defensiveness play important roles in how childhood neglect impacts relationship quality. These findings underscore the necessity for interventions in marital relationships where childhood emotional neglect has occurred, as these couples may exhibit lower levels of relationship mindfulness and a greater tendency towards defensive behaviors. Therefore, therapy and support programs that target these areas may be particularly beneficial for enhancing relationship quality.

Aim: Non-suicidal self- injury(NSSI) is described as a silent crisis in schools, and in this field there is insufficient knowledge and less effective interventions. The aim of the present study was to develop and validate an intervention approach for adolescent girls with NSSI.Method: The research method was a combination and sequential exploratory strategy In the first stage, a qualitative study was conducted using the phenomenological method, and then the protocol was developed and validated.. The statistical population of the research included all the girls of Erbil schools in the first and second year of high school who had NSSI. The face and content validity of the integrative intervention package was examined and confirmed by five professors and specialists in the fields of counseling and psychology. In order to validate the integrative intervention approach, 16 subjects were selected by chain sampling and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. They responded to the questionnaire of self-injurious behaviors and functions, the scale of difficulty in regulating emotions, the questionnaire of automatic thoughts and the parent-child relationship scale of the mother form.Result: Multivariate covariance analysis showed that the integrative intervention approach is effective in reducing the difficulty of emotion regulation, improving the mother-daughter relationship, reducing negative self-thoughts, and reducing NSSI in adolescent girls. It can be concluded that the integrative intervention approach is effective in the treatment of adolescent girls with  NSSI.

Aim: The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of Acceptance and Commitment Couple Therapy (ACCT) and Emotion-Focused Couple Therapy (EFCT) on infertile women's sexual attitudes. Method: This quasi-experimental investigation included a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design, with a control group. The statistics population comprised all infertile women aged 25 to 45 with infertility for more than five years, a total of 171 women who visited Novin Infertility Clinic in Mashhad in 2022. 45 participants who met the inclusion criteria were chosen and matched according to education level and length of infertility. They were divided equally into three groups of fifteen each. Following the pre-test, the experimental groups were assigned to either the ACCT based on Hayes and Strosahl's (2010) or the EFCT based on Johnson's (2008) treatment programs, which consisted of eight weekly 90-minute sessions. Following this, a post-test and a three-month follow-up were conducted. The research tool used was the Dehghani Sexual Attitude Questionnaire (2005). Data were analyzed using SPSS-27. Findings: The results revealed a substantial difference in the efficacy of ACCT and EFCT in altering sexual attitudes among infertile women. Both therapy were successful, however ACCT produced more consistent outcomes during the follow-up period. Although EFCT increased sexual attitude posttest scores compared to the pre-test, the results did not remain constant in the follow-up phase, with a little decrease. Both medications were beneficial, although ACCT had a longer-lasting influence. Conclusion: The results showed that ACCT had a greater impact on modifying sexual attitudes than EFCT.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to predict academic enthusiasm based on social adequacy and parenting styles, considering the mediating role of social support in students. Method: In terms of the purpose of this research, it is of an applied type and in terms of data collection methods, it is of a descriptive correlational type. The statistical population in this research includes all the high school students of the 2nd district of Ardabil. the statistical sample of the research also includes 368 students (172 girls and 196 boys) of high schools in the 2nd district of Ardabil. They are selected by stratified sampling method. Research questionnaires include; The social support questionnaire (Vaux et al., 1986), the 30-question parenting style questionnaire (Baumrinds, 1973), the academic enthusiasm scale (Fredericks et al., 2004) and the social adequacy questionnaire (Fellner et al., 1990) were used, and the validity and reliability have been proven by psychologists and professors in this field. SPSS-16 software, Pearson's correlation method and multiple linear regression analysis were used to check the correlation between variables. Findings: The findings indicate that the mediating role of social support in the relationship between academic enthusiasm and social adequacy and parenting styles of students is positive and significant (P < 0.001). Conclusion: According to the findings, it can be said that social adequacy and parenting styles can predict students' academic enthusiasm due to the presence of social support.

Aim: The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the mediating role of addiction to social networks in the relationship between body image dissatisfaction and depression. Method: The current research was a correlational and structural equation type. The statistical population of the research included all male and female undergraduate, master's and doctoral students of Gilan University who were studying in 1400-1401. 304 people were selected by random sampling method and answered questionnaires of addiction to mobile based social networks (AMQBSN), dissatisfaction with body image (BICI) and depression (BDI-II). Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling with SPSS-27 and SMART-PLS-3 statistical software. Finding: The results of structural equations showed that body dissatisfaction has a direct and significant effect on depression. Also, addiction to social networks has a direct effect on depression. Addiction to social networks plays a mediating role in the relationship between body image dissatisfaction and depression. Result: As a result, the value of the goodness of fit (GOF) is equal to 0/24 which, by comparing it with acceptable values for GOF, shows the average fit of the model. According to the results of the present study, the expansion of the use of social networks, especially among students, has provided a platform for addiction, which increases dissatisfaction with body image, which leads to depression.