درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the effects of group training through logotherapy on changing of self-esteem and intimacy attitudes and depression of physically disabled women. Method: The research was performed in semi-experimental method with two groups (logotherapy and control) with pre-test, post-test and follow up design. The statistical population was 68 people with physically disabilities under care of Kashan welfare center. From this population, 40 physically disabled women (20-40 years old) who had depression above 17 were selected randomly and were divided equally in each groups randomly (n=20). The research instruments were, intimacy attitude Treadwell (1983), Beck depression (1996) and Eysenck’s self esteem (1976) inventories. Before the first group training session, by using questionnaires in both groups, pre-test was conducted. Then 8 sessions of logotherapy, twice a week, each lasting 120 minutes, were administrated to test the group. For both groups, post-test (immediately after training sessions), and follow-up test (one month later) were taken. Analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to analyze data. Results: The results showed that group training through logotherapy, significantly decreased depression (р ≤0.01), and significantly increased self-esteem and intimacy attitude (р ≤ 0.01) and the sustainability of this effects at follow-up. Conclusion: The study concluded that training logotherapy can effectively increase intimacy attitude and self-esteem and decrease depression in physically disabled women, and so it implies the importance of paying attention to spiritual training and applying them in welfare centers.

Objective: The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness-based group therapy on improving meta-cognitive beliefs in preventing the relapse of women consuming stimulants has been done. Method: The design of this study is experimental with pre-test and post-test with the control group was followed by the follow-up phase. The statistical population of this study included all women who consumed stimulants from eighteen to forty years referring to the Hamgam sazan Addiction treatment Center in Tehran Province in 1396 among which thirty individuals were selected by convenience sampling method. Availability sampling was selected and randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups of each 15 individuals. The 90-minute treatment session was trained by the mindfulness method. However, the control group received no training. (MCQ) in both pre-test and post-test stages were completed by both groups. Data were analyzed by covariance analysis and soft aided SPSS software was used for data analysis. After three months, both groups were followed up. Results: Results showed that there was a significant difference between the mean of metacognitive post-test scores in the experimental and control groups. Mindfulness training has improved metacognition in preventing relapse in women who use stimulants. Conclusion: The findings of this study in general indicate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based group therapy training on improving metacognitive beliefs in preventing the relapse of women consuming stimulants. Therefore, such sessions are recommended in drug addiction treatment centers and clinics.

Background:The aim of this research was to study the role of emotion failures and social well-being in predicting violence against women. Materials and Methods:This research was descriptive and correlational. The population under study was all women applicants for divorce in Ardabil city in 2016 from among whom 106 were selected by available sampling method. Tools of data collection were the scale of violence against women, and questionnaires of alexithymia and social well-being. Data analysis was done through Pearson correlation and Multiple Linear regression. Results:The results indicated that there was a significant positive correlation between alexithymia and violence against women (P<0/05). Moreover, there was a significant negative relationship between social well-being and violence against women (P<0/05). The results of regression analysis showed that 64 percent of the variance of violence against women was significantly explained by emotion failures and social well-being variables. Conclusions:According to the findings it can be concluded that the recognition of emotions at the individual level as well as the identification and description of emotions and awareness of emotions can be effective in improving couples' relationships and reducing family violence. Besides, contributing ourselves in the family and society and accepting the community and its members with its weaknesses and strengths and having effective relations with close people and supporting people leads to a reduction in violence against women.

Objective: The present research aimed to determine the pure and combined effect of both techniques of mindfulness based-relaxation (MBR) and Transcranial Electrical Simulation (tCES) on decreasing prospective and retrospective memory errors and failure of executive functions of patients with type 2 diabetes. Method: The study is a randomized three-group double-blind clinical trial with repeated measures designs. The sample of the study consisted of 30 patients selected with convenience and purposive sampling method from Diabetes Association of Bonab city, and they were randomly assigned to the three groups of 10 subjects: MBR, CES, MBR+CES groups; and they received interventions related to their group in 10 individual sessions. All patients were assessed by the Barkley Deficits in Executive Functioning Scale (BDEFS) and Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire (PRMQ), before and after the intervention, and one month after the intervention. Result: The results of split-plot analysis of variance (SPANOVA) indicated the change of the mean of retrospective and prospective memory over time, and the change of prospective memory over time in different groups. The results of covariance analysis and the post hoc test of Ben Foruni indicated that in the follow-up phase, the prospective memory errors in the MBR+CES group were significantly lower than both the MBR and CES group (P <0.05). Conclusion: The results of the study provide many theoretical and practical implications for improving the cognitive function of type 2 diabetic patients following MBR and CES therapeutic techniques.

Background & Objective: The majority of cancer patients have a poor quality of life. It seems mindfulness-based cognitive group therapy can improve quality of life in these patients. Therefore this study was conducted with the purpose of evaluating the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive group therapy in improving quality of life among patients with cancer. Materials & Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental research conducted by pre- and post-testing. The sample population consisted of 30 cancer patients selected by purposive sampling and randomly placed in two groups of experimental and control (15 individuals per group). All subjects completed the quality of life questionnaire in the two stages of pre-test and post-test. The findings were analyzed by the SPSS software and multivariate analysis of covariance tests. Results: The results showed that there is a significant difference between the control and the experimental group and that mindfulness-based cognitive group therapy had a significant effect in improving quality of life in the members of the experimental group (p< 0/01). Conclusion: According to the results, it can be proposed that it is necessary for therapeutic centers and support forums related to refractory patients to use mindfulness-based cognitive group therapy in their plans to improve patients’ quality of life.

Abstract Objective: Infected persons to Coronavirus experience mental and social consequences because of disease. So the goal of this research is to investigate the mental and social consequences of infected persons. Method: The population in this study was people with new coronavirus (Covid 19) in Bushehr province. The sampling method in this study was purposive and the sample size was 8 persons (6 males and 2 females). Due to the qualitative nature of the study, information was obtained through interviews and the interview process continued until data saturation. The duration of each interview was 30 to 40 minutes. The interview was semi-structured and contained open-ended questions. After completing the interview process, the responses were interpreted and coded using the content analysis method. Results: Based on the results of the present study, the psychological consequences of this disease include negative emotions such as fear of death, depression and anxiety, reduced social activities, feelings of rejection by the community, decreased effective communication with family and society, and stigma experienced by the patient and her/his family. Conclusion: People with Covid-19 disease experience many psychosocial consequences, and this will reduce their quality of life; therefore, use of psychologists and counselors in the therapeutic setting can be effective in reducing these consequences.

Objective: this study aimed to compare the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral based stress management training and positive therapy on self-regulation behaviors of females with primary hypertension. Method: In this semi-experimental study with pretest-posttest and control group, 48 women with primary hypertension were randomized in control (n = 16), positive therapy (n = 16) and stress management (n = 16) groups. All participants completed standard self-regulation behaviors questionnaire before and after interventions. The intervention groups received cognitive-behavioral based stress management training program for eight sessions. The control group did not receive any intervention during research. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and descriptive and inferential statistical methods (ANCOVA). Results: The findings indicated level of self-regulatory behaviors significantly increased in the intervention groups in compare to control group (P> 0.05). Comparison of intervention group revealed superior effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral based stress management program versus positive therapy (Mean difference=28.13, P>0.05) Conclusion: cognitive-behavioral stress management training and positive therapy are effective on the self-regulation behaviors of women with primary hypertension. Improvement of self-regulation behaviors through psychological programs such as cognitive-behavioral stress management training and positive therapy reduce the burden of disease and enhance treatment adherence.

Objective: The main aim of this research was to investigate the effects of quality of life therapy on increasing the coping ability with stressful situations, reducing anxiety and irrational fears in at risk workers of electricity distribution companies in Isfahan. Method: This research was of semi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and follow-up with the control group. Population were consisted of 250 at risk workers of Isfahan Electricity Distribution Company. Five people were randomly selected from each unit, and a total of 40 people were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. The experimental group participated in 90 minutes’ sessions of quality of life improvement training for 8 weeks, held at the New Technology Park of Isfahan Electricity Distribution company. Experimental group was compared with a waiting control group. measurement tools were consisted of Endler and Parker Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS) and Mental Disorders Symptoms Checklist (SCL-90-R) that were administered on at risk workers in the pre-test, post-test and follow-up phases. Repeated measure analysis of variance was used to analyze the data. Results: Data analysis showed that the intervention sessions had a significant effect on the all scales of coping with stressful situations, anxiety and irrational fears in the experimental group in the post-test and follow-up stages. Conclusion: The results indicate that psychotherapy based on improvement of quality of life was effective on tranquility, mental health and the quality of life of at risk workers in Isfahan electricity distribution company.

Objective: the aim of the present study was to investigate the role of anxiety sensitivity and attentional control in predicting the tendency toward addiction in youth. Method: The present study is a correlation type, in this regard, the number of 150 students were selecte through multistage cluster sampling. The attentional control questionnaire (Derryberry& Reed, 2002), anxiety sensitivity (Peterson& Reiss, 1987) and the readiness scale for drug abuse (Zargar, 2007) were performed on individuals. The research data were analyzed by the Pearson correlation coefficient and regression. Results: The results showed that there is a significant correlation between attentional control and the lack of cognitive control with the tendency to addiction. Conclusion: According to the findings it can be concluded that in addition to social and biological factors, psychological factors such as attentional control and anxiety sensitivity is influential in the tendency and readiness of individuals to drug addiction. Keywords: Attentional control, Anxiety Sensitivity, The tendency to addiction,students, health

Objective: Both of the defense mechanisms of ego and depression, affects the intensity of the pain in the patient with chronic pain. The present study investigates the mediating role of depression in the relationship between immature ego defenses and perceived pain intensity in patients with chronic pain. Method: Research was conducted on 503 patients with chronic pain who were referred to pain centers in Tehran. Participants were asked to answer Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) for perceived pain intensity, Defense Styles Questionnaire (DSQ-40), and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS). Results: The results indicated that depression plays a mediating role in the relationship between immature ego defenses and perceived pain intensity in patients with chronic pain. Conclusion: the relationship between immature ego defenses and the perceived pain intensity is not a simple linear one, but is mediated by depression. So, depression has an important role in Transforming of defense mechanisms to the pain.