درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

This s tudy examined national culture dimensions that cons titute barriers to the implementation of sus tainable cons truction practices among cons truction professionals in Nigeria. It deployed S tatis tical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) software to analyze data collected through a ques tionnaire survey. Mean Score Index (MSI) result revealed 47 national culture variables that have great potential for causing barriers to implementation of sus tainable cons truction practices in Nigeria with the MSI range of 3.30 - 4.72. The variables were grouped into six of Hofs tede’s national culture dimensions (large Power Dis tance, Individualism, Masculinity, s trong Uncertainty Avoidance, Short-Term Orientation, and Res traint) with an average MSI range of 3.84 - 4.22. The Kruskal-Wallis H and Mann-Whitney U tes ts indicated that irrespective of organizational and individual characteris tics, there was no significant difference in the national culture of cons truction professionals hindering the implementation of sus tainable cons truction practices in Nigeria (p>0.05); but for Individualism (IDV) and Uncertainty Avoidance (UAI) dimensions which indicated significant differences (p <0.05) due to personal attributes, disposition, and exposure. The study established that the differences have only a small effect (r = 0.171 and 0.156 respectively), signifying that the observed differences in IDV and UAI culture dimensions based on years of experience, were not a result of differences in the sizes of the groups. They then study raised concern for a new way of thinking towards overcoming barriers to implementing sustainable construction practices in Nigeria and suggested for optimization and operationalization of national culture dimensions that support the implementation of sustainable construction practices and eschewing those that cause barriers.

Inves tigating the effectiveness and relationship between environmental factors and the quality of the educational environment in the s tudents’ mental health is the main S tatement of the problem in current research. Intending to recognize environmental quality components and their role in predicting the s tudents’ mental health in the educational environments, the present s tudy has proposed the following hypotheses: There seems to be a direct and significant relationship between the environmental quality and the s tudents’ mental health. and It seems that the functional component of the environmental quality has the greates t influence on mental health prediction. The research method is descriptive of correlation type using s tructural equation model. The s tatis tical population of the s tudy was selected from the coeducational Highschool s tudents of Sama schools related to the Islamic Azad University of Arak, and 270 individuals were selected using the convenience sampling technique. To collect the data, texts, and documents, as well as two ques tionnaires of Goldberg’s mental health and environmental quality, were used. Also, for the data analysis, factor analysis, and SPSS software were employed along with descriptive (mean and s tandard deviation) and inferential (Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple regression) s tatis tical methods. The results indicate that there is a significant relationship between environmental quality and the s tudents’ mental health. It was also found that 51% of mental health changes are predictable based on the mental health in the educational environment. Moreover, it was concluded that the functional component of environmental quality has the greates t impact on predicting the s tudents’ mental health.

 Todays, cities have become one of the mos t complicated sys tems, which may become fragile when not managed appropriately. In order to prevent fragility, cities should respond more quickly and effectively to complicated threats, which requires an accurate unders tanding of the concept of fragility. In this regard, a sys tematic review was conducted based on Preferred Reporting Items for Sys tematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) to unders tand the concept of urban fragility by electronic search using keywords combined with Boolean OR and AND operators in Google Scholar, ISI Web of Science, and Scopus. Based on the reviewed articles, the dimensions of urban fragility, including the economic, social, governmental, environmental, international relations, and economic, social, and political conditions of individuals, were identified for each component and indicator. Given the definition of fragility and its dimensions, the present s tudy can provide an opportunity for identifying the causes of fragility in cities and providing some solutions.

Today city residents are experiencing a new way of life which is unprecedented ever since the urbanization concept appearance. The continuous demand to build and maintain the real city space with all the well-known problems, alongside the simultaneous management of urgency and the presence of a developing virtual parallel world, has baffled the city's management sys tems and city's residents. One of the proposed solutions is employing a machine approach to solve these related issues. The general purpose of this research is to provide a comprehensive definition of the concept of urban technology synthesis in the area of physical space as an urbanism machine. This inves tigation is a comparative s tudy to allocate and provide a particular paradigm for the introduction of augmented reality ins tances utilizing matter and information combination via technology in urban spaces. After the semantic framework formulation of the mentioned concept, recognition of tools ins tances in the context of nowadays cities have been considered. In the process of this research, the phenomenon of augmented reality has been retrieved, with its definitions and capabilities as tools for the realization of technological synthesis in the context of current cities. Another result of this research is the introduction of some advantages in applying augmented reality in cities.