درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Despite the availability of extensive facilities for children, the effect of environment on creativity of children is often ignored. It is a fact that children can attend the playgrounds in city parks, independently, from age 6, therefore they become exposed to influence of the environment during this age period. It is necessary to design playgrounds for children to improve their creativity. The objective here is to assess the effects of physical components of the playgrounds in city parks on creativity of children of ages 6 to 12. A descriptive- analytic method is adopted in this study. This method is adopted to achieve the theoretical perspectives and correlations between the variables and indices, through analysis. At this stage, the data are collected from a selected statistical population through field research and closed response researcher designed questionnaire and the effective variables are determined by factor analysis and correlation. By applying path analysis method using of Smart PLS1 software program based on the relations between the variables, the study model is provided. The results indicate that there exists a significant correlation between the environmental factors and creativity and regarding the rate of effectiveness of the physical factors on creativity, the variety factor is more effective, followed by physical liveliness and flexibility factors, respectively.

In comprehensive urban development plan, a vision of Tehran has been considered as a world city. Tehran is also considered the regional medical center in the world of Islam in the comprehensive scientific map of Iran. In the era of globalization, medical tourism is a growing market in developing countries and has become one of fields of competition in regional development. According to the importance of strategic planning for the development of medical tourism in the globalization process, the effect of medical service globalization in the mega city of Tehran, and Tehran's response to the requirements are essential to investigate Tehran as a medical tourism destination. This is a descriptive survey and also an analytical and exploratory study. Quantitative and qualitative methods were employed in this research. Data were collected using in-depth interviews with 20 experts and a Delphi questionnaire. In the first step, a desk study was performed and the conceptual model was developed. External (environmental threats and opportunities) and internal (strengths and weaknesses) factors were analyzed by SWOT matrix. According to the SWOT matrix, medical tourism industry was in WO and SPACE matrix confirmed the result of the IE matrix. Percent using four strategies calculated and strategies ranked quantitatively by QSPM matrix as follows: i) Marketing and Information System Development, ii) Public Infrastructure Development, iii) Product Development, iv) Human Resource Development. Accordingly, policies were developed..

Although it has physical effects, temporary landscape as a new issue provides various potential as a place events that can’t be ignored because of wide range effects on promoting and upgrading the quality of space. The purpose of this study is to analyze the status and mechanism of temporary landscape. As a basic and practical research, it is done by using the correlation method and descriptive-analytic approach using documents and the researcher’s studies. The mechanism of temporary landscape is specified by logical reasoning. The results of the research show that the components of temporary landscapes include fixed, semifixed and nonfixed (moving) components. Temporary landscapes in various range types as events, disasters and second elevations, by their enriched or corrosive functions can create a new experience, as a stimulus. Therefore they leads to conscious and unconscious social actions. So they can affect people's perception of the space. On the other hand temporary landscapes can create the meaning of space and affects the quality of space. Therefore they can cause a space distinction that lead to create a unique space.