مریم چشمه قصابانی

The coastal landscape is relatively new and complex category that offers the potential of sharing the sciences of architecture, perspective, nature and the environment, tourism and hospitality, beyond their physical effects on one another, their widespread effects in enhancing identity and the quality of the architectural atmosphere cannot be ignored. Approaches to greeting with beaches in Islamic countries have impressive impact on the interaction of the people in the statistical societies of those countries with coastal landscape architecture. The shores in Islamic countries are controversial textures that according to the formulated policy of each country, how to dealing with are changed. The purpose of this study is analyzing coastal landscape architecture and its position in Islamic countries Like Iran, spatial organization of coastal landscape and the equal use of men and women on the coasts of Iran by analytical-descriptive research method. One of the most important issues is the lack of gender-balanced psychological and spatial use of these coastlines. In many beachfronts, women are ignored and no location, zoning or privacy have been considered for them. In some parts of the coastline, some projects called ‘Salem Sazi’ have created for women which unfortunately pay little attention to elements of architecture, landscaping, aesthetics and the performance is very limited and in no way is it in the dignity of the Iranian lady and Iranian family.

The success of urban spaces is proportional to the extent in which that space is being used and to human presence. In fact, architecture and urban planning should attempt to enhance social interactions and human soلیداrity rather than differentiation and separation. However, today what is witnessed in most of urban spaces is reduction of relationships and social participation of those residing in these spaces. On the other side, in recent decades, with the increasing progress of technology most of traditional patterns have been changed, and these changes have altered culture and life appearance in Iranian community. What is observed in today’s societies is the reduction in level of people’s social interactions. Regarding the role and function of cultural complexes as a space for improving social interactions, the physical structure of cultural environments should play a significant role in boosting people’s social interactions. The purpose of this research is to identify social interactions and effective physical components affecting promotion of social interactions among people in cultural complexes which provide an opportunity for individuals to take a relief from daily tensions, to gather together and interact. The methodology used in this research is descriptive and analytical, exploiting library studies in order to achieve the desired results. Finally, after studying various theories and effective physical components in promotion of social interaction in public urban spaces such as cultural complexes, appropriate architectural strategies have been provided. The results of this research indicate that six components of stagnation, aggregation, integrity, vitality, spatial determination and flexibility are among most important physical factors affecting the promotion of social interaction in cultural complexes.

Although it has physical effects, temporary landscape as a new issue provides various potential as a place events that can’t be ignored because of wide range effects on promoting and upgrading the quality of space. The purpose of this study is to analyze the status and mechanism of temporary landscape. As a basic and practical research, it is done by using the correlation method and descriptive-analytic approach using documents and the researcher’s studies. The mechanism of temporary landscape is specified by logical reasoning. The results of the research show that the components of temporary landscapes include fixed, semifixed and nonfixed (moving) components. Temporary landscapes in various range types as events, disasters and second elevations, by their enriched or corrosive functions can create a new experience, as a stimulus. Therefore they leads to conscious and unconscious social actions. So they can affect people's perception of the space. On the other hand temporary landscapes can create the meaning of space and affects the quality of space. Therefore they can cause a space distinction that lead to create a unique space.