درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

The purpose of the research was to investigate the role of visionary leadership and empowering leadership of school principals On Teacher's Change Tendencies by mediating role of teachers’ organizational learning and professional development. The research population was all the primary school teachers of Kurdistan province. Of those, 364 teachers were selected by proportional stratified random sampling based on the Cochran's Formula. The research method was a quantitative correlational study based on the covariance based structural equation modeling approach. To collect data, the empowering leadership questionnaire (Ahearn, Mathieu and Rapp, 2005); visionary leadership questionnaire (Kanger and Kanango, 1998); Organizational learning questionnaire (Garcia Morales et al., 2006); professional development questionnaire (Nova's, 2008) and tendency to change questionnaire (Dunham et al, 1989) were used. The reliability and validity of the questionnaires were evaluated by the Cronbach's alpha coefficients and confirmatory factor analysis. To analyze the data, structural equation modeling was used by Lisrel software. The results showed that: visionary and empowering leadership of school principals had a direct, positive and meaningful effect on teachers' organizational learning, teachers' professional development and teachers' change tendencies. They had also a positive and significant indirect effect on teachers' change tendencies through organizational learning and professional development. The variables of visionary and empowering leadership of school principals, teachers' organizational learning, and teachers' professional development were able to explain 0.13 of the variance of teachers' change tendencies.

HSE management involves managing, controlling and handling all aspects of health, safety and the environment in the petroleum industry with the focus on major accident risk. In the field of residential and building construction ventures the workings met lots of practical hitches like procedure, responsibility, monitoring, evaluation housekeeping at Construction Sites and associated offices, perimeter area, stores, workshops, batching plant, stock yards and labor camp etc. it describes requirement of housekeeping activity at different stages of work & periodicity to maintain site neat & tidy, which should be budgeted, planned & adhered. Before commencing this activity site execution team is recommended to evaluate the foreseeable risk by conducting risk assessment of the particular activity so as to prevent any harm to the engaged team. So we emphasis to resolve this practical hitches by safeguard methods in venture works has been undertaking. We also focused is to address the safe work practices for different activities in construction work, considering its practical and engineering aspects and its implementation at site level under the responsibility of Project Head. Our study is being used for implementation HSE at site. We specifies the topic such as to fill a knowledge gap on site safety issues, to provide handy reference of best practices for frontline management teams, to offer site safety management techniques and tools for use, by practicing these documents effectively, prevention of incidents. This process of technique will help to ensure housekeeping standards and a safe & healthy work environment at all time.

Teachers’ engagement in continuing professional development activities plays an essential role in the design, implementation, and effectiveness of in-service teacher training (INSET) programs. Understanding multidimensional orientations of teacher engagement in continuing professional development (CPD) activities, albeit fluctuations and deceptive images, may provide implications for the rate and pace of their professional development. To address this issue, the present study aims to understand teachers’ engagement orientations, namely cognitive, behavioral, and affective; as well as the levels, i.e. authenticity or fakeness of their engagement. In doing so, this study further aims to analyze how the participants with different engagement orientations revealed signs of fake and/or genuine engagement. The data collected from the observations of a six-week-long CPD course and semi-structured interviews conducted after the completion of the course indicated that teachers with different engagement orientations demonstrated various ways of genuine and/or fake participation in the CPD course. Pedagogical implications highlight an assortment of courses of action to maximize authentic teacher engagement.

Land and "Land Policy" have always been important social issues that are related to and dependent on the policies and governance models of different countries. In contemporary Iranian history, the issue of land has always been an unresolved matter and a focus of the government's attention. The significance and sensitivity of this issue led policymakers to immediately address it after the Islamic Revolution, and the specific legal, social, and political concerns in this area prompted the formulation and implementation of a new policy for land distribution in rural areas of the country. Given the importance of this topic, the central theme of this research is the transformations that occurred in the field of rural land ownership in Iran under the influence of the Islamic Revolution, with the main goal of examining the impact that the phenomenon of the Iranian Islamic Revolution had on land policy in Iran. Therefore, the main question of this article is ‘What was the land policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in rural areas and on what principles, foundations, and implementation methods was it based?’ In response to this question, using a comparative method, we have addressed the land policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in rural areas and ultimately examined this policy by presenting a model.

Portfolio optimization has always been the main concern of investors. What differentiates different optimization models from each other is the risk measure. The main contribution of this paper is to provide a portfolio optimization model that considers systemic risk so that it can help investors make optimal investment decisions as a general model. For this purpose, two models are presented. In the first model, systemic and systematic risk were considered simultaneously, and in the second model, only systemic risk was considered. In the two mentioned models, delta conditional value at risk (∆CoVaR) and the Markowitz model are used respectively to measure systemic risk and a benchmark model. Also, the criteria used to compare the performance of the reviewed models include the ratio of reward-to-risk, along with the Sortino ratio and the Omega ratio. The problem of optimization and examination of the results was carried out on a selected sample, 38 companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) from 2013 to 2023. The results of empirical analysis of out-of-sample data (during a period of 1198 days) show that based on all three mentioned criteria, the first proposed model shows the best performance among the three models. In addition, the performance of the second model is ranked second. In short, it can be said that considering systemic risk in portfolio optimization leads to better performance than the Markowitz model.