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Pragmatics is a field of knowledge that aims to examine and elucidate the primary intentions and meanings of utterances and writings. This discipline, utilizing various linguistic and non-linguistic contexts, seeks to extract the intended meaning of speakers and writers, portraying implicit, figurative, and indirect meanings within sentences. The purpose of this article is to introduce this discipline and its components, such as references, presuppositions, and entailments, and to explore how these components can be employed in the examination of Quranic verses, particularly in elucidating the serious intentions of the Almighty. This research is a qualitative research in which data is collected by library method and analyzed by analytical and citation method. Although many of these components have been scattered throughout the extensive Islamic literature and in various branches of Islamic sciences such as rhetoric, Quranic sciences, interpretation, and the science of principles of interpretation, a comprehensive examination of them from a different perspective can contribute to the interpretation of the Quran and the extraction of some new concepts from its verses.

News headlines like other pieces of writings use rhetorical devices. They are regarded as the initial informative and persuasive part of news stories. The goal of the present study was to analyze COVID-19-related native and non-native news headlines chosen from two main online news websites in Iran and England in terms of number and degree of utilization of sub-types of rhetorical devices. To this end, the 6-week corpus including 489 headlines relevant to corona-virus news (282 headlines selected from the BBC and 207 from the Tehran Times) were analyzed. Shams (2013) and Picello (2018) taxonomies were used to analyze all news headlines. The findings showed that ten rhetorical devices were found in these headlines. Alliteration was used most frequently, following closely behind were metonymy, rhyme, rhetorical question, depersonalization, hyperbole, metaphor, pun, cliché, and euphemism. Both alliteration and metonymy were frequently used in the headlines of the news stories. However, just simile and allusion were found in the Tehran Times headlines, but not with high frequency. The findings can provide insights into the understanding of rhetoric-specific conventions in news headlines for ELT teachers and students. Also, English teachers can use news headlines as authentic teaching materials in their language classrooms.

Due to the rapid changes and developments caused by technology in the digital age and the growing importance of achieving sustainability for the survival of businesses, the need to create the capabilities needed to innovate in the business model of organizations has become inevitable. This research is trying to provide a model for business model innovation with the aim of sustainability by considering the external factor of digitalization (digital transformation) and the internal factor of dynamic capabilities. The method of this research is mixed so that in the first stage the qualitative method of Meta-Synthesis is used and in the second stage the quantitative method of Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) is used. In this research, based on the systematic review of previous researches in scientific databases, 402 related articles were identified and then 46 final articles were selected during the screening process. Based on the thematic analysis, a total of 4 main categories and 14 factors were extracted. In the second stage of the research, an interpretive structural model (ISM) is developed to show the inter‐relationship of different factors and their levels of importance in the food industry.   The 8-level hierarchy model of factors influencing the sustainable business model innovation in the digital age with a dynamic capabilities approach was proposed. Results show that a new component called network value has been added to the traditional business model components. Furthermore, the MICMAC approach has been used to categorise factors according to their driving power and dependence. finally, digital technologies and Sensing were found to be the factors with the highest independence and the highest driving power, and “Economic Sustainability” was identified as the factor with the highest dependence and the least driving power